我国中小企业供应链融资的研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 01:42

本文选题：中小企业 + 供应链　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：中小企业融资困境一直为各国经济学者所关注和不断努力研究的难题之一。在世界经济衰退,尤其是欧美国家经济萎靡不振的大经济环境下,中小企业的生存面临着更加严峻的考验。我国中小企业也难免遭遇资金短缺或流动不顺畅的境况,导致企业无法正常经营运作,错失诸多发展良机,限制业务拓展,甚至导致破产倒闭。作为我国国民经济发展的中流砥柱,中小企业对市场经济的活跃与振兴、就业机会的增加及技术革新的推动等方面发挥着非常重要的作用。供应链融资在我国的起步和发展甚晚,尚未成熟。但随着经济发展和企业金融需求的多样化,它的潜在发展空间非常巨大。因此,有规划地健康发展供应链融资,帮助中小企业解决融资难问题,是当前刻不容缓的主要任务。本文通过国内外学者的理论研究,得出结论：造成中小企业融资难的根本原因在于信息的不对称。供应链融资,这种全新的融资模式,弥补了传统信贷融资的不足,可以有效解决中小企业融资难问题。它是商业银行或金融机构在充分掌握供应链的管理程度及主导企业的资信水平后,以整条供应链为出发点,围绕主导企业及其上、下游的中小企业,结合各自融资需求,设计并提供个性化及多元化的金融产品与服务；同时借助各参与主体之间的通力合作,为中小企业拓广融资渠道的一种全新模式。本文通过对供应链融资模式及案例的深入分析,介绍了目前我国供应链融资业务的发展现状,不同融资模式的适用特点、业务流程及融资效果,同时分析阿里巴巴、苏宁等电商开展的小微企业贷款业务给予的新挑战,最后提出了供应链融资存在的潜在风险及措施。本文对于我国现阶段供应链融资发展给出了几点建议：从供应链的内部企业自身、银行与金融机构方面及政府三个不同层面,如何开展并推广中小企业供应链融资业务。供应链的内部企业自身首先要建立良好的共同“利益链”与“信誉链”,完善企业管理机制及规范财务体系；培养具有专业融资技能的人才,及时掌握市场动态,提高相关供应链融资风险识别和管理技能；同时也要大力发展第三方物流服务企业。银行与金融机构则要加强信息服务平台的建设,规范客户信息数据管理体系、优化并完善中小企业信用评估与审批流程；根据客户的不同融资需求特点,设计并创新有针对性的金融产品与服务；同时也要加强金融从业人员的专业技能培训,提高工作人员的整体业务素质和风险管理技能。政府机构则要加强提高推广供应链融资业务的意识,设立供应链融资业务发展专项基金,刺激和鼓励供应链融资业务的发展；构建良好的信用管理体制和法制环境。供应链融资突破传统融资瓶颈,解决中小企业融资困难的问题；银行通过融资模式创新,增加了其经营的业务种类和范围、拓展了客户群体,同时也推动金融市场向多形式方向发展；物流企业除了提供传统的业务运输和仓储服务外,同时通过供应链融资使其业务范围得以深度扩张；供应链融资是以中小企业融资难的根源为出发点,在降低信贷风险、减少交易成本、弱化信息不对称等方面具有独特的优势,大大提高了中小企业融资的成功率。
[Abstract]:Small and medium - sized enterprises ( SMEs ) have been facing more severe challenges in the world economic downturn , especially in the big economic environment where the economic collapse of the European and American countries is sluggish . Small and medium - sized enterprises in our country are inevitably confronted with the situation of shortage of funds or smooth flow , which can lead to the failure of enterprises to operate normally , lose many developing opportunities , restrict the expansion of the business , and even lead to bankruptcy bankruptcy . As the mainstay of the development of our national economy , the small and medium - sized enterprises play a very important role in the active and revitalization of the market economy , the increase of employment opportunities and the promotion of technological innovation .

Supply chain financing is very late and not mature in our country . However , with the diversification of economic development and enterprise financial needs , its potential development space is very large . Therefore , it is the main task that can ' t delay the financing of the supply chain of planning and healthy development and help the small and medium - sized enterprises to solve the problem of financing difficulty .

This paper concludes that the root cause of financing difficult problem lies in the asymmetry of information , the financing of supply chain , the brand new financing model , which makes up the shortage of traditional credit financing , and can effectively solve the financing difficulty of small and medium - sized enterprises . It is a starting point for commercial banks or financial institutions to design and provide individualized and diversified financial products and services around the leading enterprises and their upper and downstream enterprises with the whole supply chain as the starting point .
At the same time , through the cooperation between the participating entities , it is a brand - new mode of financing channels for small and medium - sized enterprises .

Based on the deep analysis of supply chain financing model and case , this paper introduces the present situation of supply chain financing business in China , the application characteristics , business process and financing effect of different financing modes , and analyzes the new challenges of small micro enterprise loan business in Alibaba and Suning , and finally puts forward the potential risks and measures in supply chain financing .

This paper gives some suggestions on the development of supply chain financing in our country at present : how to carry out and promote the supply chain financing business of small and medium - sized enterprises from three different aspects : the internal enterprise itself , the bank and the financial institution and the government .

The internal enterprises of the supply chain must first establish a good common " interest chain " and " credibility chain " , perfect the enterprise management mechanism and regulate the financial system ;
To cultivate talents with professional financing skills , master the market dynamics in time , and improve the risk identification and management skills of relevant supply chain financing ;
At the same time , the third - party logistics service enterprises should be vigorously developed .

Banks and financial institutions should strengthen the construction of information service platform , standardize customer information data management system , optimize and perfect credit evaluation and approval process of small and medium - sized enterprises ;
To design and innovate targeted financial products and services based on the different financing needs of customers ;
At the same time , it is also necessary to strengthen the professional skills training of the financial practitioners and improve the overall professional quality and risk management skills of the staff .

The government agencies should strengthen the awareness of raising the financing business of the supply chain , set up a special fund for the development of the supply chain financing business , stimulate and encourage the development of the supply chain financing business ;
Build a good credit management system and legal environment .

Supply chain financing breaks through traditional financing bottleneck and solves the problem of financing difficulty of small and medium - sized enterprises ;
Through the innovation of financing mode , the bank has increased the business category and scope of its operation , expanded the customer group , and promoted the development of financial market to the multi - form direction .
In addition to providing traditional business transportation and warehousing services , logistics enterprises can expand their business scope through supply chain financing .
Supply chain financing is based on the root of financing difficulty of small and medium - sized enterprises . It has unique advantages in reducing credit risk , reducing transaction cost , weakening information asymmetry and so on , which greatly improves the success rate of financing for small and medium - sized enterprises .
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4;F276.3

【参考文献】