我国农村微型金融机构可持续发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 10:57

本文选题：农村金融 + 微型金融机构　；参考：《中南大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：摘要：20世纪70年代以来,微型金融通过制度设计降低农村小额信贷的成本和风险,探索了农村金融机构的可持续发展模式,利用民间信息和社会资本约束机制,开发了连带责任、横向监督、动态博弈等信贷技术,有效化解了农村金融市场的信息不对称风险。论文研究了农村微型金融机构的信息不对称释缓机制、抵押品替代机制和风险补偿机制,从增长方式、信贷机制、营运体制和盈利模式的角度,剖析了国外农村微型金融机构可持续发展的原因与制度条件。在借鉴国际经验的基础上,对我国不同类型农村微型金融机构的发展现状及特点进行了分类研究,较为全面地阐述了我国农村微型金融机构可持续发展的机理及影响因素,分别构建了我国福利性农村微型金融机构和商业性农村微型金融机构可持续发展能力评价指标体系。结合我国福利性农村微型金融机构财务制度不健全的实际情况、以及商业性农村微型金融机构可持续发展能力评估过程中所面临的信息不完全性,论文分别建立了基于不确定型层次分析法(UTAHP)的福利性农村微型金融机构可持续发展能力评价模型和基于多属性群体决策方法的不完全信息条件下村镇银行可持续发展能力评价模型,选取了2004-2012年中国扶贫基金会小额信贷项目数据和全国20家村镇银行的数据分别展开实证研究。研究结果表明：客户信息及信贷经验的积累、治理结构的完善、资金来源的充沛对福利性农村微型金融机构可持续发展具有积极的促进作用。而有效的信贷创新、成本削减、内控及人力资源管理能够提升村镇银行等商业性农村微型金融机构的可持续发展能力,市场认可度、金融监管环境和政府行为对村镇银行可持续发展具有重要影响。在实证分析的基础上,论文提出了针对性的政策建议。从微观角度来看,农村微型金融机构可持续发展的能力需要从信贷机制创新、法人治理结构完善、提高利率定价水平等方面提升；就中观角度而言,农村微型金融机构作为市场主体,其可持续发展与农村金融市场环境密切相关,建议从建立适度监管框架、完善利率市场价格机制、加强农村金融基础设施建设等方面优化；从宏观角度来看,政府角色定位对农村微型金融机构的可持续发展至关重要,建议从健全法制环境、整合财税政策、加强信用文化建设等方面构建农村微型金融机构可持续发展的外部支持体系。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, microfinance has reduced the cost and risk of rural microfinance through institutional design, explored the sustainable development model of rural financial institutions, and made use of private information and social capital constraint mechanisms. Several credit techniques, such as joint liability, horizontal supervision and dynamic game, are developed to effectively resolve the information asymmetry risk in rural financial markets. In this paper, the information asymmetry release mechanism, collateral substitution mechanism and risk compensation mechanism of rural micro-financial institutions are studied, from the perspective of growth mode, credit mechanism, operating system and profit model. This paper analyzes the reasons and institutional conditions for the sustainable development of rural microfinance institutions in foreign countries. On the basis of drawing lessons from international experience, the development status and characteristics of different types of rural microfinance institutions in China are classified, and the mechanism and influencing factors of sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions in China are expounded comprehensively. The evaluation index system of sustainable development ability of welfare rural micro-financial institutions and commercial rural micro-financial institutions in China is constructed respectively. Combined with the imperfect financial system of welfare rural micro-financial institutions in China, and the incomplete information in the process of evaluating the ability of sustainable development of commercial rural micro-financial institutions, This paper establishes the evaluation model of the sustainable development ability of welfare rural micro-financial institutions based on the uncertain Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the incomplete information condition of the village bank based on the multi-attribute group decision method. Capacity development assessment model, The data of China Poverty Alleviation Foundation Microcredit Project from 2004 to 2012 and the data of 20 village banks from China were selected to carry out empirical research. The results show that the accumulation of customer information and credit experience, the improvement of governance structure, and the abundant sources of funds have a positive effect on the sustainable development of welfare rural micro-financial institutions. And effective credit innovation, cost reduction, internal control and human resource management can enhance the sustainable development ability and market acceptance of commercial rural micro-financial institutions such as village banks. Financial regulatory environment and government behavior have an important impact on the sustainable development of village banks. On the basis of empirical analysis, the paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations. From a micro perspective, the ability of rural microfinance institutions to develop sustainably needs to be improved from the aspects of credit mechanism innovation, corporate governance structure improvement and interest rate pricing level. As the main body of the market, the sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions is closely related to the rural financial market environment. It is suggested that the appropriate regulatory framework should be established, the market price mechanism of interest rate should be improved, and the construction of rural financial infrastructure should be strengthened. From the macro point of view, the role of government is very important to the sustainable development of rural micro-financial institutions. It is suggested that fiscal and taxation policies should be integrated from a sound legal environment. Strengthen the construction of credit culture and other aspects to build rural micro-financial institutions sustainable development of external support system.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35

【参考文献】