甘肃省微型金融发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 03:08

本文选题：小额信贷 + 微型金融　；参考：《兰州商学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：微型金融作为小额信贷的广义范畴，可以向农户、中小企业提供信贷、储蓄、保险等一系列的金融服务。国外许多机构的实践证明,微型金融作为正规金融组织的补充，对农村扶贫开发、中小企业创业具有十分重要的推动作用。当前，我国金融体系和金融制度尚不完善，面向农村中小企业和低收入阶层的金融服务明显供给不足，微型金融作为一个很好的解决法案，越来越受到国家的重视。2012年中央“一号文件”指出：“发展多元化农村金融机构，鼓励民间资本进入农村金融服务领域，支持商业银行到中西部地区县域设立村镇银行，有序发展农村资金互助组织，引导农民专业合作社规范开展信用合作。完善符合农村银行业金融机构和业务特点的差别化监管政策，适当提高涉农贷款风险容忍度，实行适度宽松的市场准入、弹性存贷比政策。继续发展农户小额信贷业务，加大对种养大户、农民专业合作社、县域小型微型企业的信贷投放力度”。甘肃省作为我国经济欠发达地区，当地微型金融发展尚处于不成熟的初级阶段，，存在许多理论和实践上的问题，研究甘肃省微型金融发展问题对于促进当地农村经济发展、缓解中小企业融资难问题具有重要意义。本文以甘肃省微型金融发展问题为研究对象,涉及到微型金融发展的宏观和微观层面,采取定性分析和定量分析,归纳总结和对比分析相结合的方法，首先研究了国内外微型金融发展的成功实践；其次，在对甘肃省微型金融发展现状全面把握的基础上，分析了甘肃微型金融发展存在的问题；最后，通过借鉴国内外成功实践并结合当地微型金融发展存在的问题，提出加快当地微型金融发展的建议。本文研究发现，当前甘肃省微型金融发展存在的问题包括：一是当前的法律制度和监管体系并不能适应当地微型金融的快速发展；二是微型金融风险防范机制和机构建设不够完善；三是资金和利率问题限制了微型金融机构的可持续发展。要实现当地微型金融的快速发展需要政府加强立法和监管建设，同时可考虑从完善信用评价等体系、加强风险控制，扩大资金来源、推动利率市场化并加大产品创新等方面促进当地农村金融深化，推进甘肃省微型金融发展。
[Abstract]:As a broad category of microfinance, microfinance can provide a series of financial services such as credit, savings, insurance and so on. The practice of many foreign institutions has proved that microfinance, as a supplement of formal financial organizations, plays a very important role in promoting the development of rural poverty alleviation and small and medium-sized enterprises. At present, the financial system and financial system of our country are still not perfect, the financial services for rural small and medium-sized enterprises and low-income groups are obviously inadequate. As a very good solution, micro-finance is a very good solution. More and more attention has been paid by the state. In 2012, the "No. 1 document" of the Central Committee pointed out: "developing diversified rural financial institutions, encouraging private capital to enter rural financial services, and supporting commercial banks to set up village and town banks in counties in the central and western regions. Orderly development of mutual funds in rural areas, leading farmers' professional cooperatives to standardize credit cooperation. We should improve the differential supervision policy in line with the characteristics of rural banking financial institutions and business, appropriately improve the risk tolerance of agriculture-related loans, implement moderately relaxed market access and flexible deposit-loan ratio policies. We should continue to develop the micro-credit business of peasant households, and increase the lending to large farmers, professional cooperatives and small microenterprises at the county level. " As an underdeveloped region of our country, the development of local micro-finance in Gansu Province is still in the immature initial stage, and there are many theoretical and practical problems. The study of the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province can promote the development of local rural economy. It is of great significance to alleviate the financing difficulties of small and medium enterprises. This paper takes the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province as the research object, involving the macro and micro aspects of the development of micro-finance, adopting the methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, summing up and combining with comparative analysis. Firstly, it studies the successful practice of the development of micro-finance at home and abroad; secondly, on the basis of comprehensive understanding of the present situation of the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province, it analyzes the problems existing in the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province. Based on the successful practice at home and abroad and the problems existing in the development of local microfinance, the paper puts forward some suggestions for speeding up the development of local microfinance. This paper finds that the problems existing in the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province include: first, the current legal system and regulatory system can not adapt to the rapid development of local micro-finance; Secondly, the mechanism and institution construction of micro-financial risk prevention is not perfect, and the problem of fund and interest rate restricts the sustainable development of micro-financial institution. In order to achieve the rapid development of local micro-finance, the government should strengthen legislation and supervision and construction. At the same time, it can consider improving the credit evaluation system, strengthening risk control, and expanding the sources of funds. Promote interest rate marketization and increase product innovation to promote the deepening of local rural finance and promote the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province.
【学位授予单位】：兰州商学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.7

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