我国企业贷款融资悖论研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 16:06

本文选题：贷款融资 + 悖论　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：信贷资源的配置效率不仅关乎企业的存亡与发展,而且影响到整个社会生产率水平的提高。本文从市场失灵的角度探讨我国信贷资金供求的结构性失衡,先后分析了我国企业贷款融资悖论的现状、危害、成因和破解对策。本文的研究工作和主要贡献集中在以下几个方面：首先,为了准确地反映我国信贷资源配置的现状,本文分别从贷款需求、贷款满足度、贷款方式和贷款成本四个维度对比分析了大型企业和中小企业贷款融资的难易程度,揭示我国企业贷款融资悖论的现状。其次,关于企业贷款融资悖论的危害,本文分析发现,它不仅严重阻碍了中小企业的健康成长,而且对大型企业的长期发展产生消极影响,也是制约金融机构信贷业务持续增长和国民经济快速发展的重要因素。第三,信贷交易所运行的市场环境必然会对交易主体产生深远的影响,因此本文从金融环境等角度探索了企业贷款融资悖论的成因。研究发现,中小企业固有的缺陷,利率市场化程度偏低,资本监管约束严苛,信用管理制度落后,以及金融机构信贷管理制度僵化、产品单一等因素综合在一起,导致信贷资金供求结构性失衡。第四,本文实证检验了企业特征与企业贷款可得性和贷款成本的关系。分析结果表明,国内金融机构在信贷决策过程中过度重视企业的规模和抵押能力,而对企业由经营活动产生的偿债能力、盈利能力和发展能力重视不足。由于金融机构对贷款风险定价能力较弱,贷款融资悖论主要反映在不同规模企业的贷款可得性差异上,一些企业即使愿意支付很高的价格也申请不到贷款。最后,本文提出了悖论的破解对策。贷款融资悖论的形成既有市场环境的因素,又有市场主体自身的原因。因此其破解需要企业、金融机构和政府部门的共同努力。企业需要规范经营管理,珍惜信誉,改善自身的融资条件；金融机构要转变思想,积极进行信贷管理与服务创新,提高风险识别和定价能力；政府需要监管到位,深化金融改革,优化贷款融资基础环境。
[Abstract]:The allocation efficiency of credit resources is not only related to the survival and development of enterprises, but also to the improvement of the productivity level of the whole society. This paper probes into the structural imbalance of the supply and demand of credit funds in China from the point of view of market failure, and analyzes successively the present situation, harm, causes and countermeasures of the paradox of enterprise loan financing in China. The research work and main contributions of this paper are focused on the following aspects: first, in order to accurately reflect the current situation of credit resources allocation in China, this paper respectively from the loan demand, loan satisfaction, The four dimensions of loan mode and loan cost compare and analyze the difficulty and ease of loan financing between large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, and reveal the present situation of the paradox of enterprise loan financing in our country. Secondly, on the harm of enterprise loan financing paradox, this paper finds that it not only seriously hinders the healthy growth of small and medium-sized enterprises, but also has a negative impact on the long-term development of large enterprises. It is also an important factor that restricts the sustained growth of credit business of financial institutions and the rapid development of national economy. Third, the market environment of the operation of the credit exchange will inevitably have a far-reaching impact on the main trading body, so this paper explores the causes of the financing paradox of enterprise loans from the perspective of the financial environment. It is found that the inherent defects of small and medium-sized enterprises, the low degree of interest rate marketization, the strict restriction of capital supervision, the backward credit management system, the rigid credit management system of financial institutions and the single product are all combined. Leading to a structural imbalance in the supply and demand of credit funds. Fourthly, this paper empirically examines the relationship between enterprise characteristics, loan availability and loan cost. The results show that domestic financial institutions pay too much attention to the scale and mortgage ability of enterprises in the process of credit decision-making, but pay less attention to the solvency, profitability and development ability of enterprises arising from business activities. Because of the weak pricing ability of financial institutions to loan risk, the paradox of loan financing is mainly reflected in the difference of loan availability of enterprises of different sizes, and some enterprises can not apply for loans even if they are willing to pay a very high price. Finally, this paper puts forward the solution to the paradox. The formation of loan financing paradox is not only due to the market environment, but also to the market subject itself. Therefore, it needs the joint efforts of enterprises, financial institutions and government departments. Enterprises need to standardize management, cherish credibility, improve their own financing conditions; financial institutions should change their thinking, actively carry out credit management and service innovation, improve risk identification and pricing capabilities; the government needs to be in place to supervise, We will deepen financial reform and optimize the basic environment for loan financing.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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