中国工商银行新疆区分行营业部信用卡业务风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 04:56

本文选题：工商银行 + 信用卡　；参考：《新疆大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国金融体制改革的不断深入,国内各商业银行纷纷将信用卡业务定位为转型发展中的战略性金融产品,我国信用卡市场的竞争也越来越呈现出群雄逐鹿的态势。进入2000年以后，商业银行信用卡业务以年均22%的速度猛增。今天，信用卡业务在各个商业银行的业务中已经占据重要地位，成为了商业银行的新增赢利点。不过，在追求发卡量、商户数的跑马圈地现象背后，其风险也逐渐暴露出来，作为一项高风险与高收益并存的业务，对商业银行的危害性不容忽视，一旦形成损失将非常可观。在金融体系的运转、金融活动的实施以及金融行业的不断发展过程中，无法完全杜绝风险的存在。风险的分析和管理对于每一个公司、金融机构来讲，都是其管理活动中最关键的内容之一。同样，对于金融理论研究来讲，关于风险管理策略、风险定价及度量等在风险管理的基本理论中占很大的比重。在现代商业银行信用卡业务的风险管理中，信用风险管理一直是研究所关注的重点领域，对于其他的风险类型的理论研究还较为稀少。而且传统的风险管理技术大多是利用经验性的手段，无论是从风险水平的衡量方法还是从风险转移和控制的手段来看，都没有取得很大程度的发展。直到近几年，理论上对信用卡风险的衡量方法和控制手段的研究才活跃起来，但从总体来说，较之传统方法，还不成熟、不完善。从20世纪80年代开始，我国的金融管制不断放宽，金融自由化进程也逐步加快，由于国内信用卡产业仍处于初级发展阶段，所以发卡行风险管理能力、控制制度的缺失，风险管理控制经验的缺乏，信用卡相关法律制度和监管体系的不健全，我国的个人社会征信体系的不完善等因素都制约我国信用卡的稳健发展。因此对于微观经济主体和宏观经济发展来讲，研究我国信用卡风险管理都有着重要的现实意义。自我国实施改革开放政策之日起，我国便同时发行了信用卡，但实际上，改革开放的速度远远快于信用卡的发展速度。严格来说，中国信用卡市场的形成实际上是在1995年——2000年之间。我国信用卡的发展模式的典型代表是中国工商银行的牡丹信用卡，这些年，区域内商业银行加大了对信用卡业务的投资力度，，越来越多的商业银行意识到信用卡业务是一种新兴的创收方式。伴随着银行卡业务的腾飞，银行卡风险也变得越来越复杂，出现了一连串的新特点，比如影响范围更大、风险更复杂、波及面更广、隐蔽性更强等。银行卡业务风险涉及面越来越宽，种类越来越多样，具体成因即包括管理方面所存在的缺陷、运营商管理不严、受理商户在履职行为上的不到位，也包括持卡人安全用卡知识的匮乏。同时在风险管理控制手段的实施过程中，也存在着诸多主客观因素：银行IC芯片卡普及难度大、各级监管措施力度不足、投诉机制不健全、风险案件信息共享困难以及法律建设落后等，均给信用卡风险管理提出了巨大考验。本文通过对现有市场结构、现状及风险构成的分析，结合美国、韩国信用卡风险控制的先进经验和有效手段，制定了针对工商银行新疆分行营业部区域内信用卡风险管理的工作目标，提出了如加强内部管理、完善法律体系、构建风险案件防控联动制度、商户实名制、信用卡安全知识推广等一系列风险措施和实施建议，切实可行的指导现行发卡营销策略，在发卡量不断扩张的同时，警示风险管理的重要作用，进而推动信用卡、收单市场的信用环境建设。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of the financial system in China, the commercial banks in China have positioned the credit card business as a strategic financial product in the transition and development. The competition of the credit card market in China is becoming more and more ambitious. After 2000, the credit card business of commercial banks is increasing at a rate of 22% per year. Card business has already occupied an important position in the business of various commercial banks and has become a new profit point for commercial banks. However, the risk is gradually exposed behind the phenomenon of running horse circles in the pursuit of the quantity of card issuing and the number of merchants. As a business with high risk and high income, it can not be ignored for commercial banks. The loss will be considerable. In the operation of the financial system, the implementation of financial activities and the continuous development of the financial industry, it is impossible to completely eliminate the existence of risk. The analysis and management of risk is one of the key elements in the management activities for every company and financial institution. In the risk management of the credit card business of modern commercial banks, the management of credit risk has always been the focus area of the research, and the theoretical research on other types of risk is still scarce. Most of the management techniques use empirical means. No matter from the measurement of risk level or from the means of risk transfer and control, there has been no great development. In recent years, the research on the measurement and control methods of credit card risk has been active in the past few years, but in general, it is more traditional. The method is not mature and imperfect. Since 1980s, the financial control of our country has been relaxed and the process of financial liberalization has been gradually accelerated. Because the domestic credit card industry is still in the primary stage of development, the risk management ability of the issuing bank, the lack of control system, the lack of experience in risk management and control, and the related legal system of credit card And the imperfect supervision system and the imperfect personal social credit system in our country all restrict the steady development of our credit card. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the risk management of China's credit card for the microeconomic subject and the macro economic development.
Since the implementation of China's reform and opening up policy, China has issued a credit card at the same time, but in fact, the speed of reform and opening up is far faster than the speed of credit card development. Strictly speaking, the formation of the Chinese credit card market is actually between 1995 and 2000. The typical representative of the development model of China's credit card is the ICBC. The peony credit card, in these years, the commercial banks in the region have increased their investment in the credit card business. More and more commercial banks have realized that the credit card business is a new way of generating income. With the takeoff of the bank card business, the risk of the bank card has become more and more complex, and a series of new characteristics have emerged, such as the scope of influence. The risk of the bank card business is more and more broad and more concealed. The risk of the bank card business involves more and more wide and diversified types. The concrete causes include the defects in the management, the poor management of the operators, the lack of the business and the lack of knowledge of the cardholder's safety card. There are also many subjective and objective factors in the implementation of the risk management control means: the bank IC chip Karp and the difficulty, the inadequate supervision measures at all levels, the imperfect complaints mechanism, the difficulty of sharing the information of the risk cases and the backward legal construction, all of which have put forward a great test for the credit card risk management. The analysis of the structure, present situation and risk composition, combined with the advanced experience and effective means of the risk control of the American and Korean credit cards, formulated the target of the credit card risk management in the business department of Xinjiang branch of the industrial and commercial bank, and proposed to strengthen the internal management, improve the legal system, construct the linkage system of risk case prevention and control, and the firm's real name. System, credit card security knowledge promotion and a series of risk measures and implementation suggestions, practical and feasible guidance of the current card marketing strategy, the expansion of the number of cards, at the same time, the important role of warning risk management, and then promote credit cards, the credit environment construction of the market.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.33

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