我国微型金融机构可持续发展评价研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 08:37

【摘要】：农村金融是我国金融体系中最为薄弱的环节,正规金融远远不能满足农村地区群众对金融产品或服务的迫切需求,相当一部分群众被排除在正规金融体系之外。作为正规金融体系补充的微型金融,能够为被排除在正规金融体系之外的中低收入人口和中小企业提供基本的金融服务,虽然在我国取得一定的发展,但是依然面临着许多障碍。如何促进微型金融机构可持续发展是对我国的一个重大考验。本文对我国微型金融机构处于什么样的可持续发展水平进行了研究,以期为我国微型金融机构的可持续发展提供建议。首先,本文对微型金融的发展进行了介绍,并从理论上分析了微型金融机构出现的原因以及微型金融实现自身机构可持续发展并兼具扶贫目标的可能性。所以,从理论上讲,微型金融能够在实现自身机构发展的同时,向更多更贫困人口提供能够满足他们需求的金融服务。其次,本文采用了不消除规模因素和消除规模因素两种不同的数据处理方法.并引入熵权法和TOPSIS法进行实证研究。通过对我国不同类型微型金融机构的可持续发展水平的对比研究得出结论：微型金融机构的正规性与其可持续发展水平并没有明显的相关性；微型金融机构的可持续发展水平与规模没有明显的相关性：微型金融机构法律地位决定了微型金融机构财务资源、资金来源方式和经营方式的差别；不同类型的微型金融机构具有不同的比较优势,商业银行和农村银行在财务资源、客户资源、人力资源及信息技术资源等外在资源禀赋方面具有明显的规模优势,但是NGO和资金互助组织以及非银行金融机构在覆盖深度和社会福利等社会责任履行方面表现更为突出。最后,本文还将中国微型金融机构的可持续发展水平与印度各类微型金融机构的可持续发展水平进行了对比分析,更加清晰地分析了我国微型金融机构的可持续发展水平。研究得出结论,我国微型金融机构在盈利、资产管理和风险控制等短期经营效果方面优于印度,但是在影响微型金融机构长期发展的人力资源、信息技术、制度建设等方面,弱于印度,这直接导致了中国微型金融机构的平均可持续发展水平低于印度大多数类型微型金融机构的可持续发展水平,也低于印度的平均水平。因此,中国各类微型金融机构要想取得长远发展,必须重视机构的能力建设,关注机构的长期发展潜力。本文的创新点在于,从规模的角度对我国各类微型金融机构的可持续发展水平进行了评价,并与印度的各类微型金融机构进行了对比分析。在评价的过程中引入了熵权法和TOPSIS法。本文的研究可以有效弥补国内关于微型金融机构可持续发展水平评价研究的不足,为学者对微型金融机构可持续发展水平的影响因素的研究提供一个新的视角。这不仅可以获知我国各类微型金融机构真实的可持续发展水平,而且可以为提高我国微型金融机构可持续发展水平的政策制定提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Rural finance is the weakest link in the financial system of our country. The formal finance is far from satisfying the urgent demand of the masses in rural areas for financial products or services, and a considerable proportion of the masses are excluded from the formal financial system. As a supplementary micro-finance for the regular financial system, basic financial services can be provided for low-and middle-income people and small and medium-sized enterprises excluded from the formal financial system, although some development has been achieved in our country, many obstacles remain. How to promote the sustainable development of micro financial institutions is a major test for our country. This paper studies the level of sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China, with a view to providing suggestions for the sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China. First of all, this paper introduces the development of micro finance, analyzes the causes of micro-financial institutions and the sustainable development of micro-finance to realize the goal of poverty alleviation. So, in theory, micro finance can provide more people with financial ability to meet their needs while realizing the development of their own institutions Secondly, this paper adopts two different scales that do not eliminate scale factor and eliminate scale factor. According to the processing method, the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method are introduced. Through the comparative study on the sustainable development level of different types of micro-financial institutions in China, it is concluded that the formal nature of micro financial institutions is not related to the sustainable development level, and the sustainable development level and scale of micro financial institutions are not clear. Relevance: The legal status of micro financial institutions determines the differences of financial resources, sources of funds and mode of operation of micro financial institutions; different types of micro-financial institutions have different comparative advantages; commercial banks and rural banks are in financial resources. There are obvious advantages in resource endowment, such as customer resources, human resources and information technology resources, but NGO and fund mutual aid organizations as well as non-bank financial institutions in terms of social responsibility performance, such as depth of coverage and social welfare. At last, the paper compares the sustainable development level of China's micro financial institutions with the sustainable development level of various micro-financial institutions in India, and makes a clearer analysis of our micro-financial institutions. The sustainable development level of micro financial institutions in China is superior to that of India in terms of profit, asset management and risk control. However, human resources, information technology and system construction in long-term development of micro financial institutions are influenced. On the other hand, weak in India, this directly leads to the average sustainable development level of micro-financial institutions in China lower than the sustainable development level of most types of micro-financial institutions in India, and also low At the average level of India, China's various micro-financial institutions must pay attention to the institution's capacity-building and focus on the long-term development of China's various micro-financial institutions The innovation point of this paper is that the sustainable development level of various micro-financial institutions in China is evaluated from the perspective of scale, Financial institutions were compared and analyzed. Entropy Weight Method and TOPSIS method. The research of this paper can make up the shortage of the research on the level of sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China, and the influence factors of scholars on the sustainable development level of micro financial institutions. The research provides a new perspective, which not only can learn the real sustainable development level of various micro financial institutions in our country, but also can improve the sustainable development level of micro financial institutions in China.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.39

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