中国农村金融生态体系的演化研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 11:52

【摘要】：金融是现代经济的核心。本文力主从金融生态的视角考察中国农村金融服务，以剖析新形势下农村金融服务体系中供求双方不同主体需求特点，农村金融服务体系在经济增长的不同阶段的特点，探索组织体系重构。以史为鉴，回顾过去，农村的金融组织经营，改变之前民间金融组织的发展模式，和国有商业金融组织的互助，走出一条自己的路子。尤其是在现在对地方政府平台融资炒得比较热的情况下，区别对待，促使地方政府为“三农”等统筹城乡经济发展的投资行为规范化、阳光化、法制化。在当前社会经济环境下，农村经济要想得到较好较快发展，统筹城乡金融的支持决定着农村经济发展的可持续性、规模和速度。温家宝总理提出促进金融资源优化配置，，引导金融机构加大对经济结构调整特别是“三农”企业、小微企业、战略性新兴产业的金融支持。明确解决好农村金融问题，对解决好“三农”问题和实现富民强县的战略目标有着重大的现实意义。1 在新的形势下，针对农业经济的发展瓶颈，直指金融服务体系中存在的难题，期待通过金融生态体系的理顺，成为壮大农业经济的支点。具体直指：第一，在农村地区金融服务体系中由正规与非正规金融主体对借贷的利率差别对经济发展的制约；第二，在农村地区范围下融资服务中典型如产权不明晰等引发的金融生态环境脆弱成为经济发展的瓶颈；第三，在农村金融服务体系的运行管理制度不科学，典型如农村信用合作社的失位问题；第四，在现行政策性、商业性，及互助合作性的金融主体对农村地区金融需求与供给的不对称对县域经济尤其是农村成分的发展制约。通过对一系列典型问题的分析，探讨适应未来的农村金融生态体系的确立。面对中国农村经济发展新形势，李克强总理在多次谈话中提到县域经济是城乡统筹发展的纽带，而“城镇化”又是统筹城乡经济社会发展的重要载体。农村金融体系应该紧紧抓住这一珍贵契机，在全国城镇化和统筹城乡经济快速推进的新形势下，发挥金融是经济的推动器，积极为农村“输血”，提高农村经济发展的含金量。追求“城镇化”发展质量和谋求统筹城乡发展的经济效益并举，变输血为造血，为助力县域经济大发展，对中国整体经济的新一轮增长夯实基础，“县”给中国经济新一轮增长。
[Abstract]:Finance is the core of modern economy. In order to analyze the characteristics of the different main demand of the supply and demand parties in the rural financial service system and the characteristics of the rural financial service system in different stages of economic growth under the new situation, this paper strongly proposes to investigate the rural financial services in China from the perspective of financial ecology. Explore the reconstruction of organizational system. Taking history as a mirror, looking back on the past, rural financial organization management, changing the development model of non-governmental financial organizations before, and state-owned commercial financial organizations to help each other, to find a way out of their own. Especially in the situation that the local government platform financing is hot now, different treatment will urge the local government to standardize, sunshine and legalize the investment behavior of coordinating the urban and rural economic development for the "three rural areas". In the current social and economic environment, in order to get better and faster development of rural economy, the support of urban and rural finance determines the sustainability, scale and speed of rural economic development. Premier Wen Jiabao proposed to promote the optimal allocation of financial resources and guide financial institutions to increase financial support for economic restructuring, especially for "three rural" enterprises, small and micro enterprises, and strategic emerging industries. It is of great practical significance to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and to realize the strategic goal of enriching the people and strong counties. 1 under the new situation, aiming at the bottleneck of the development of agricultural economy, Pointing to the problems existing in the financial service system, we expect to become the fulcrum of the agricultural economy through the straightening out of the financial ecological system. First, in the rural financial service system, the difference of interest rate between the formal and informal financial entities restricts the economic development; Secondly, the fragility of financial ecological environment caused by the typical financial services in rural areas, such as unclear property rights, has become the bottleneck of economic development. Thirdly, the operation and management system of rural financial service system is unscientific, such as the problem of rural credit cooperatives' losing position; Fourth, in the current policy, commercial, and mutual cooperation of the main financial entities in rural areas of financial demand and supply asymmetry on the county economy, especially the development of rural components constraints. Through the analysis of a series of typical problems, the establishment of rural financial ecological system adapted to the future is discussed. In the face of the new situation of rural economic development in China, Premier Li Keqiang mentioned in many talks that the county economy is the link for the overall development of urban and rural areas, and "urbanization" is an important carrier for coordinating the economic and social development of urban and rural areas. The rural financial system should seize this precious opportunity tightly. Under the new situation of urbanization and the rapid development of urban and rural economy, financial system is the driving force of economy, actively "blood transfusion" for rural areas, and increase the gold content of rural economic development. To pursue the development quality of "urbanization" and the economic benefits of urban and rural development as a whole, to transform blood transfusion into hematopoiesis, to promote the great development of the county economy, and to consolidate the foundation for a new round of economic growth in China as a whole. The county has given China a new round of economic growth.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.7

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