行为经济学视角下农户借贷行为研究
发布时间：2019-03-31 15:43
【摘要】：自1982年以来,关于“三农问题”的14个“一号文件”,都把发展农村金融摆在一个非常重要的位置。党的十七届三中全会更是明确指出“农村金融是现代农村经济的核心”。这说明,党和政府把发展农村金融作为解决我国“三农问题”的一个重要手段。 实际发展经验证实,一个国家或者地区金融发达程度与当地的经济发展水平密切相关。金融市场越发达,市场配置资源的效率越高。而衡量一个地区金融市场的发达程度,借贷市场的发展程度是一个非常好的指标。因此研究一个国家或者地区金融市场的发展，，对其借贷市场的研究是一个先导或者基础性研究,对借贷市场的研究主要通过对市场上各经济主体的借贷行为来实现。基于此,对我国农户借贷行为的研究属于农村金融市场的一个基础性研究,它对政府适时调整农村金融政策、制定农村经济发展规划和促进农民收入有着重要的理论与现实意义,这正是本文的研究意义所在。 本文在对农户贷款收入实证分析的基础上,利用行为经济学的最新研究成果,依据认知偏差理论、心理账户以及双曲线贴现理论等相关理论,从农户基本需求出发,对农户借贷行为进行了多角度、全方位的全新阐释,并据此提出了相应的对策建议。 本文的主要研究结论有三个方面： (1)农户借贷行为中存在明显的启发式偏差问题。启发式作为一种人类有效认知的工具,对我们更快更好的认识这个世界有非常显著的作用。但由于人类大脑思维固有的缺陷,使得我们无法有效的使用这一认知工具。作为不确定条件下决策的一个实例——农户的贷款决策就很容易陷入启发式陷阱。囿于人类共有的认知偏差,以在共变与折损原则的影响下,由于白我保护动机与基本归因偏差的影响。多数农户会高估白己的能力,低估贷款背后存在的各类风险,进而盲目做出贷款决策,最终导致经营失败,使得整个家庭陷入X=困境。 (2)在心理账户影响下,农户借贷资金用途与借贷渠道互相影响。农户的借贷资金分为生产性借贷与生活性借贷。其借贷渠道分为止规金融机构与非止规金融机构两类。心理账户认为来自于不同渠道,投向不同用途的同等数量货币对农户白身具有不同的效用。基于这一理论,农户不同用途的借款倾向于从不同的金融机构获得。借贷渠道也在很大程度上影响农户的借贷用途。正规金融机构主要提供农户的生产性借贷,而其生活性借贷主要从非正规金融机构获得。 (3)现阶段农村金融市场发展对农户收入的促进作用有限,盲目增加农户的流动性会降低农村经济发展活力。盲目的扩大农村贷款规模,增加农户的流动性,不仅对农户增收无益,反而可能会降低农户未来收入增长的潜力,使得农户终身福利受损,农村经济增长乏力,最终使得农村经济社会偏离可持续发展之路。
[Abstract]:Since 1982, the 14 "1" documents on the "three rural issues" have placed the development of rural finance in a very important position. The third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee clearly pointed out that rural finance is the core of modern rural economy. This shows that the Party and the government take the development of rural finance as an important means to solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China. Practical development experience proves that the degree of financial development of a country or region is closely related to the level of local economic development. The more developed the financial market, the higher the efficiency of market allocation of resources. It is a very good indicator to measure the degree of development of a regional financial market and the degree of development of the lending market. Therefore, the research on the development of a country or region's financial market is a forerunner or basic research, and the research on the lending market is mainly realized through the lending behavior of various economic entities in the market. Based on this, the research on rural households' lending behavior belongs to a basic research of rural financial market, which adjusts the rural financial policy of the government in a timely manner. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to formulate the rural economic development plan and promote farmers' income, which is the research significance of this paper. On the basis of empirical analysis of farmers' loan income, this paper makes use of the latest research results of behavioral economics, based on cognitive deviation theory, psychological account and hyperbolic discount theory, and proceeds from the basic needs of farmers. This paper makes a new explanation from many angles and omni-directional, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of the new explanation of peasant households' lending behavior. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) there are obvious heuristic deviation problems in farmers' lending behavior. Heuristics, as an effective tool for human cognition, play a significant role in our faster and better understanding of the world. However, due to the inherent defects in human brain thinking, we cannot use this cognitive tool effectively. As an example of decision-making under uncertain conditions, farmers' loan decision-making is easy to fall into heuristic trap. Due to the common cognitive biases of human beings, under the influence of the principle of covariation and damage, due to the influence of the white self protection motivation and the basic attribution deviation. Most farmers overestimate their own ability, underestimate the risks behind the loan, and then blindly make loan decisions, eventually lead to business failure, making the entire family into X, = dilemma. (2) under the influence of psychological account, the use of rural households' borrowing funds and the channels of lending affect each other. Farmers' loan funds are divided into productive loans and living loans. Its lending channels are divided into non-regulatory financial institutions and non-regulatory financial institutions. Psychological accounts believe that the same amount of money from different channels and for different purposes has different effects on the white body of farmers. Based on this theory, farmers tend to borrow money for different purposes from different financial institutions. Loan channels also to a large extent affect farmers' use of loans. Formal financial institutions mainly provide farmers with productive loans, and their living loans are mainly obtained from informal financial institutions. (3) the effect of rural financial market development on farmers' income is limited at present. Increasing the mobility of rural households blindly will reduce the vitality of rural economic development. Blindly expanding the scale of rural loans and increasing the mobility of farmers will not only do no good to increase the income of farmers, but may on the contrary reduce the potential of future income growth of farmers, resulting in the loss of farmers' lifelong welfare and the lack of economic growth in rural areas. Finally, the rural economy and society deviate from the road of sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
本文编号：2451049
[Abstract]:Since 1982, the 14 "1" documents on the "three rural issues" have placed the development of rural finance in a very important position. The third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee clearly pointed out that rural finance is the core of modern rural economy. This shows that the Party and the government take the development of rural finance as an important means to solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China. Practical development experience proves that the degree of financial development of a country or region is closely related to the level of local economic development. The more developed the financial market, the higher the efficiency of market allocation of resources. It is a very good indicator to measure the degree of development of a regional financial market and the degree of development of the lending market. Therefore, the research on the development of a country or region's financial market is a forerunner or basic research, and the research on the lending market is mainly realized through the lending behavior of various economic entities in the market. Based on this, the research on rural households' lending behavior belongs to a basic research of rural financial market, which adjusts the rural financial policy of the government in a timely manner. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to formulate the rural economic development plan and promote farmers' income, which is the research significance of this paper. On the basis of empirical analysis of farmers' loan income, this paper makes use of the latest research results of behavioral economics, based on cognitive deviation theory, psychological account and hyperbolic discount theory, and proceeds from the basic needs of farmers. This paper makes a new explanation from many angles and omni-directional, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of the new explanation of peasant households' lending behavior. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) there are obvious heuristic deviation problems in farmers' lending behavior. Heuristics, as an effective tool for human cognition, play a significant role in our faster and better understanding of the world. However, due to the inherent defects in human brain thinking, we cannot use this cognitive tool effectively. As an example of decision-making under uncertain conditions, farmers' loan decision-making is easy to fall into heuristic trap. Due to the common cognitive biases of human beings, under the influence of the principle of covariation and damage, due to the influence of the white self protection motivation and the basic attribution deviation. Most farmers overestimate their own ability, underestimate the risks behind the loan, and then blindly make loan decisions, eventually lead to business failure, making the entire family into X, = dilemma. (2) under the influence of psychological account, the use of rural households' borrowing funds and the channels of lending affect each other. Farmers' loan funds are divided into productive loans and living loans. Its lending channels are divided into non-regulatory financial institutions and non-regulatory financial institutions. Psychological accounts believe that the same amount of money from different channels and for different purposes has different effects on the white body of farmers. Based on this theory, farmers tend to borrow money for different purposes from different financial institutions. Loan channels also to a large extent affect farmers' use of loans. Formal financial institutions mainly provide farmers with productive loans, and their living loans are mainly obtained from informal financial institutions. (3) the effect of rural financial market development on farmers' income is limited at present. Increasing the mobility of rural households blindly will reduce the vitality of rural economic development. Blindly expanding the scale of rural loans and increasing the mobility of farmers will not only do no good to increase the income of farmers, but may on the contrary reduce the potential of future income growth of farmers, resulting in the loss of farmers' lifelong welfare and the lack of economic growth in rural areas. Finally, the rural economy and society deviate from the road of sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 叶德珠;;消费者认知偏差与信用卡产业政策优化[J];商业研究;2009年06期
2 王丽萍;李平;霍学喜;;论非农化进程的农户借贷行为[J];重庆大学学报(社会科学版);2006年04期
3 李刚;农村金融深化对农村经济发展的相关性分析[J];财经科学;2005年04期
4 李延敏;;不同类型农户借贷行为特征[J];财经科学;2008年07期
5 姚耀军;;中国农村金融发展状况分析[J];财经研究;2006年04期
6 秦建军;武拉平;;财政支农投入的农村减贫效应研究——基于中国改革开放30年的考察[J];财贸研究;2011年03期
7 汪萍;;不确定条件下行为决策的解释——对前景理论模型的研究和拓展[J];管理观察;2008年07期
8 王宁;吴服胜;;拖延行为的经济学解释[J];经营管理者;2010年18期
9 宁薛平;薛峰;;我国信用卡非理性消费行为的经济学解释[J];甘肃社会科学;2009年03期
10 马希荣;;前景理论与人们的经济心理[J];大众心理学;2011年06期
本文编号：2451049
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/guanlilunwen/bankxd/2451049.html
