文以明道:清代地方政府公文系统的理念与实践

发布时间：2018-04-18 15:53

本文选题：文以明道 + 官箴书　；参考：《社会学研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：儒家理念对清代公文提出了"文以明道"的要求,清代公文的形式、内容以及实践过程因此呈现出独特的精神气质。公文在写作中用各种"曲尽人情"的办法,充分考虑公文接受对象的地位和感受,努力营造一种"生气流通"的理想沟通情景。公文在形式上融合了礼制的因素,体现了对官僚制内部关系和体统的重现与考量。在公文写作和传递中,虽然书吏和幕友是具体事务的承担者,但是他们却处于非正式的地位,从而突出了"官须自做"和"为政在人"的理念。面对公文系统的弊病,清代官员和学者进一步强调"为政在人"的理念,强调人的作用,最终"文以明道"又成为解决文牍之弊的良药。最后,本文指出清代公文的这些特征是儒家行政理念具体落实的结果,体现了中国传统治理的独特逻辑。
[Abstract]:The Confucian idea put forward the request of "the document of the Qing Dynasty to the Ming Tao", and the form, content and practice process of the official document of the Qing Dynasty showed the unique spirit temperament.In the writing of official documents, the author tries to create a kind of ideal communication scene of "angry circulation" by taking full account of the status and feelings of the recipients of official documents by using various methods of "making full use of human feelings".The official document combines the elements of etiquette in form and reflects the reappearance and consideration of the internal relationship and system of bureaucracy.In the writing and transmission of official documents, although officials and screen friends are the carriers of specific affairs, they are in an informal position, thus highlighting the concepts of "officials must do their own work" and "to govern in people".In the face of the drawbacks of the official document system, the officials and scholars of the Qing Dynasty further emphasized the concept of "the government is in the man" and emphasized the role of the person, and finally, "the text with the Ming Tao" became the good medicine to solve the problem of the official document.Finally, this paper points out that these characteristics of the official documents in Qing Dynasty are the result of the concrete implementation of the Confucian administrative concept, which embodies the unique logic of Chinese traditional governance.
【作者单位】：清华大学社会学系;北京大学中国传统社会研究中心;
【分类号】：C931.46

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