Morpho蝶翅隐形性特性与仿生结构力学分析及仿生制备的探究

发布时间：2018-01-11 08:04

本文关键词：Morpho蝶翅隐形性特性与仿生结构力学分析及仿生制备的探究　出处：《湖北工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：Morpho蝶翅鳞片表面分布着纳米级的树脊层状三维精细结构,在垂直方向呈近似相互平行且等间距排列,介质层宽整体呈现一种近似等差数列分布,其内部由空气介质填充;在水平面方向上,介质层在脊柱两侧错位排列;沿脊脉方向上,相邻树脊结构间距约为50nm,连续若干个这样的结构构成了一种天然的衍射光栅,这是Morpho蝶翅光学性能的生理基础。研究发现,这种结构对照射至蝶翅表面的光具很强的波长选择特性;蝶翅内部隐藏的纳米级三维结构对特定波段的光也能产生辐射增强和抑制作用(实际上是蝶翅隐形性能的原理之一)。本文从实验、仿真、光学、力学原理和微纳制备技术等几方面,对Morpho蝶翅在红外波段的隐形特性、仿生结构的静力学分析和仿生结构制备探究做了一定的研究。主要工作包括:1.借助各种精密的光学观测仪器(如扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等)对天然蝶翅的物理结构做了细致的观测,蝶翅鳞片的特殊结构使得照射至蝶翅表面的光发生复杂的反射、折射和衍射等综合效应,这是蝶翅鳞片产生结构色的根源;在明确物理结构的基础上,搭建光学测试平台,验证了蝶翅表面的微纳结构在红外波段具有良好的隐形性能。进一步研究发现Morpho蝶翅的这种多层薄膜间隙结构会因翅层和空气介质层的折射率不同导致上下两层发生连续折射-反射-折射等光学反应,这种累加的光学效应是蝶翅隐形性能的生理基础之一;2.以天然结构为基础,利用SolidWorks、RsoftCAD等软件对蝶翅鳞片结构进行优化,建立蝶翅鳞片结构的仿生三维模型(第三方向上的深度不作要求),保留了蝶翅结构基本特征;利用ANSYS对这种结构在承受自重的情况下进行力学分析,探究仿生结构在制备时力学方面的优缺点,并以此提出优化模型,为进一步仿制蝶翅三维结构提供力学方面的参考;3.在明确蝶翅隐形特性成型机理的基础之上,提出产生隐形特性生理结构的融合性仿生模型,并对其制备做了初步的探索。这些工作的完成对进一步完善蝶翅鳞片结构光学性能研究,突破现有军用隐形性能发展瓶颈以及实现对蝶翅仿生结构的制备都具有重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:On the surface of Morpho butterfly wing scale, there is a three-dimensional fine structure of tree ridge layer, which is approximately parallel to each other in the vertical direction and equidistant, and the whole dielectric layer width presents an approximate difference sequence distribution. The inner part is filled with air medium; In the horizontal direction, the media layer is dislocated on both sides of the spine. Along the ridge direction, the spacing of adjacent tree ridges is about 50 nm, and a number of such structures form a natural diffraction grating, which is the physiological basis of the optical properties of Morpho butterfly wings. This structure has strong wavelength selective characteristics for the light irradiated to the surface of the butterfly wing. Nano-scale three-dimensional structure hidden inside the butterfly wing can also produce radiation enhancement and suppression effect on the light in a specific band (actually, it is one of the principles of the stealth performance of the butterfly wing.) in this paper, experiments, simulations, optics. The principle of mechanics and micro-nano preparation technology, etc., the stealth characteristics of Morpho butterfly wings in infrared band. The statics analysis of bionic structures and the research on the preparation of bionic structures have been done. The main work includes: 1. With the help of various precise optical observation instruments (such as scanning electron microscope (SEM) SEM). The physical structure of natural butterfly wings has been carefully observed. The special structure of the scales of butterfly wings makes the light reflected from the surface of the wings to be complex. The comprehensive effects such as refraction and diffraction are the root of the structure color of the butterfly wing scales. On the basis of clear physical structure, the optical testing platform is built. It is proved that the micro / nano structure of butterfly fin surface has good stealth performance in infrared band. It is further found that this multilayer film gap structure of Morpho butterfly fin can be guided by the refractive index of wing layer and air medium layer. The optical reactions such as continuous refraction, reflectance and refraction occur in the upper and lower layers. This cumulative optical effect is one of the physiological bases for the stealth performance of butterfly wings. 2. On the basis of natural structure, the flake structure of butterfly wing was optimized by SolidWorks and Rsoft CAD software. The bionic three-dimensional model of the butterfly wing scale structure is established (the depth in the third direction is not required and the basic characteristics of the butterfly wing structure are preserved; The mechanical analysis of this structure under the condition of self-weight is carried out by using ANSYS, and the advantages and disadvantages of the biomimetic structure in the preparation of the biomimetic structure are explored, and the optimization model is put forward. It provides a mechanical reference for the further imitation of the three-dimensional structure of butterfly wings. 3. Based on the understanding of the formation mechanism of the invisible characteristics of butterfly wings, a fusion bionic model is proposed to produce the physiological structure of the stealth characteristics. And the preparation of it has been preliminarily explored. The completion of these works will further improve the optical properties of the structure of butterfly wing scales. Breaking through the bottleneck of the development of military stealth performance and achieving the preparation of butterfly wing bionic structure are of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB17

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