内饰车身低频声固耦合噪声响应分析与控制

发布时间：2018-02-02 09:24

本文关键词： 低频噪声声固耦合贡献度分析控制措施　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前乘用车正朝着轻量化、高速化方向的发展，这使得汽车噪声问题变得日渐突出，直接影响了乘坐舒适性。与此同时，人们对乘坐舒适性的要求也不断提高，导致汽车厂商对汽车的NVH（Noise，Vibration，Harshness，，噪声，振动，平顺性）特性的重视程度不断提高。有效降低振动噪声水平已经成为汽车结构设计的一个重要目标。本文为寻求对车内低频噪声的有效抑制途径，结合校企合作项目“车身声固耦合振动噪声分析与控制研究开发”，对某轿车内饰车身声固耦合系统的声振特性进行数值仿真分析，以贡献度分析结果为依据，提出了有效降低车内噪声的措施。根据有限元模型建模原则，建立了白车身有限元模型，通过试验模态分析结果验证了模型的有效性。在此基础上建立了封闭车身有限元模型。根据封闭车身有限元模型建立了考虑座椅空间的声腔模型，通过车内声腔模态试验验证了声腔模型的有效性。通过声腔模型与封闭车身有限元模型，建立了该车的声固耦合有限元模型，分析对比了车身结构与车内声腔模型耦合前后的模态。测试了车身内饰件的声学性能，并建立了内饰件的有限元模型。进行了实车道路试验，测试了不同工况下前后悬架、动力总成与排气系统传递到车身的激励。将这些激励信号加载到内饰车身声固耦合模型中对车内噪声响应进行了仿真分析，仿真结果与试验结果的误差在±6%内，说明模型有较高的仿真精度。针对车内噪声响应的峰值进行了模态贡献度分析与面板贡献度分析，以分析结果为依据，提出在敏感位置涂贴阻尼层和采用有机夹层玻璃更换前后风挡玻璃来控制车内噪声的措施。通过控制措施，车内噪声响应得到了降低，总声压级最大降幅达4.45dB。降噪措施有效。
[Abstract]:At present, passenger cars are moving towards the direction of lightweight and high-speed, which makes the problem of vehicle noise become increasingly prominent, which directly affects ride comfort. At the same time, people's requirements for ride comfort are also increasing. Cause the car manufacturer to make a noise and vibration on the NVHN NoiseNV VibrationN Harshness. The importance of ride comfort) has been increasing. Reducing vibration and noise level effectively has become an important goal of vehicle structure design. In order to find an effective way to restrain the low frequency noise in the vehicle, this paper combines the research and development of the analysis and control of the vehicle body acoustic-solid coupling vibration noise with the cooperation project of school and enterprise. The acoustic and vibration characteristics of a car interior body acoustic-solid coupling system are simulated and analyzed. Based on the results of contribution analysis, the effective measures to reduce the vehicle interior noise are put forward. According to the principle of finite element model modeling, the white body finite element model is established. The validity of the model is verified by the experimental modal analysis results. On this basis, the finite element model of the closed body is established, and the acoustic cavity model considering seat space is established according to the finite element model of the closed body. The validity of the acoustic cavity model is verified by the modal test of the vehicle inner cavity, and the sound structure coupling finite element model of the vehicle is established by the sound cavity model and the closed body finite element model. The modes before and after the coupling of the body structure and the car interior cavity model are analyzed and compared. The acoustic performance of the body interior parts is tested, and the finite element model of the interior parts is established, and the real vehicle road test is carried out. The excitation of front and rear suspension, powertrain and exhaust system transferred to the body under different working conditions was tested. The noise response of the vehicle was simulated by loading these excitation signals into the acoustic solid coupling model of the interior body. The error between the simulation results and the experimental results is within 卤6%, which shows that the model has high simulation accuracy. Modal contribution analysis and panel contribution analysis are carried out for the peak noise response of the vehicle, which is based on the analysis results. The measures of applying damping layer in sensitive position and replacing front and rear windscreen glass with organic laminated glass are put forward to control the noise in the vehicle. The noise response of the vehicle is reduced by the control measures. The maximum decrease of the total sound pressure level is 4.45 dB. The noise reduction measures are effective.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U467.493;TB535

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