基于ANSYS FLOTRAN的冷藏物品运输包装研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 11:05

  本文关键词： 冷藏商品 运输包装 ANSYS FLOTRAN 温度分布 层次分析法　出处：《陕西科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国内经济的快速增长提高了国内消费水平。高价值的水果,蔬菜和海鲜水产品的消费量逐年增高,因此冷藏物品的运输量也逐年提高,特别是在肉类,果蔬,乳制品,医药领域,冷链运输的普及程度愈发增强。货物冷藏运输中,对于货物温度的控制尤为重要,温度的大幅度变化会影响产品的品质,造成损失。所以在运输环节中,温度的控制对于保护商品质量起着至关重要的作用。故研究分析运输过程中的车厢内部和货物包装箱的温度场分布,温度变化情况,对于商品的运输包装具有重要指导意义。 但是冷链运输的运费较为高昂,为保持低温需要消耗大量的能源,制冷系统在运输过程中消耗40%的柴油。在不损害包装物的前提下,合理的选择出制冷温度与制冷时间与运输方式,以达到减少能耗,从而降低运输成本,得出保护包装物的包装运输的最佳方案的目的。 本课题的目标旨在降低冷藏商品的运输包装成本。本课题以三个方面对此问题进行探讨： 本课题总结了针对冷藏物品包装的设计方法,重点分析了在低温高湿度环境下的瓦楞纸箱的抗压强度和堆码强度,保证了货物在运输过程中不受到损坏,降低破损率。为进一步研究瓦楞纸箱抗压强度奠定了基础,为瓦楞纸箱的设计起到参考作用。此研究对于冷藏物品的运输包装标准化,规范化有一定的指导意义。 运用传热学原理和流体力学原理分析了制冷设备工作时瓦楞纸箱的热交换过程,理论分析了冷藏车厢及瓦楞纸箱的传热过程,建立了瓦楞纸箱的热平衡方程。利用ANSYS FLOTRAN有限元软件对冷藏商品在运输环节中热交换进行耦合场分析,模拟出了冷藏空间内部及货物区域的温度场,以及商品自身温度非线性变化情况。以冷藏车内部温度变化为研究对象,以香梨作为运输商品,建立车厢温度场分布的计算模型,模拟不同的风机制冷温度下(0℃和3℃)不同制冷方式货物的温度变化情况。结果表明制冷温度为3℃,每制冷10分钟后停止运行15分钟,在整个运输过程中制冷设备工作时间为50分钟的制冷方式与制冷温度为0℃,每制冷15分钟后停止运行20分钟,在整个运输过程中制冷设备工作时间为60分钟的制冷方式相比,减少1.05×103KJ的能量消耗,能耗降低了27.7%,降低了商品的运输成本。该研究为合理的选择制冷温度及制冷方式及实现减少能源消耗,减少运输包装成本提供了依据。 运用层次分析法建立了针对冷藏物品的运输方式选择方案的模型,对指标和各个方案并加以分析与计算,得出最优的方案,评估结果是定量化的,直观的,该评估模型是有效的,客观的。选择出合理的方案,降低了商品在流通领域的运输成本。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of the domestic economy has raised the domestic consumption level. The consumption of high-value fruits, vegetables and seafood and aquatic products has increased year by year, so the volume of refrigerated items has also increased year by year, especially in meat, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, In the field of medicine, the popularity of cold chain transportation is increasing. In refrigerated transportation of goods, it is particularly important to control the temperature of the goods. A large change in temperature will affect the quality of products and cause losses. The control of temperature plays an important role in protecting the quality of goods, so it is of great significance to study and analyze the distribution of temperature field and the change of temperature in the inside of the carriage and the packing box in the course of transportation, which is of great significance for the transportation and packaging of goods. But the transportation costs of the cold chain are high. In order to maintain the low temperature, the refrigeration system consumes 40% of diesel oil in the process of transportation to maintain a large amount of energy. In order to reduce the energy consumption, reduce the transportation cost and get the best plan to protect the packaging transportation, the refrigeration temperature, the refrigeration time and the transportation mode are selected reasonably. The purpose of this project is to reduce the transportation and packaging cost of refrigerated goods. This paper summarizes the design method of packaging for refrigerated items, especially analyzes the compressive strength and stacking strength of corrugated cartons under low temperature and high humidity, which ensures that the goods will not be damaged in the course of transportation. It lays a foundation for further study on the compressive strength of corrugated cartons and serves as a reference for the design of corrugated cartons. This study has a certain guiding significance for the standardization of transport packaging of refrigerated items. The heat transfer process of corrugated paper box is analyzed by means of heat transfer theory and hydrodynamic principle, and the heat transfer process of refrigerated car and corrugated paper box is analyzed theoretically. The heat balance equation of corrugated paper box is established. The coupled field analysis of heat exchange in transportation of refrigerated goods is carried out by using ANSYS FLOTRAN finite element software, and the temperature field inside the refrigerated space and in the cargo area is simulated. Taking the internal temperature change of refrigerated car as the research object, taking fragrant pear as the transportation commodity, the calculation model of the temperature field distribution of the carriage is established. The results show that the refrigeration temperature is 3 鈩，

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