LNG冷能用于冷库—冷水的联合技术开发及应用研究
本文关键词: 液化天然气 冷能 冷库 冷水 出处:《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:随着我国天然气产业的飞速发展,LNG卫星站遍地开花,LNG卫星站多建在用气大户周围,以方便用户用气。铝厂是LNG气化站的客户之一,在生产的过程中,要消耗的大量的天然气,同时铝厂需要大量的冷水用于氧化车间冷却,食堂需要冷库保鲜。而LNG在气化的过程中会释放大量的冷能,若将LNG冷能用于铝厂食堂保鲜和车间冷却,能减少能耗,节约电能,具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。 本文通过对适合LNG卫星站的冷能用于冷库-冷水的联合工艺进行研究,设计了冷库换热和冷水换热并联管程、冷媒直接向冷库供冷的LNG冷能利用工艺方案。其优势在于可以实现根据冷库和冷水的需冷变化调节LNG冷能在两者之间的定量分配,避免了中间冷媒与冷库制冷剂换热时的热损失,提高系统的冷能利用率。通过冷媒比选,确定60%乙醇溶液作为方案中与LNG换热的中间冷媒。通过对冷媒循环系统的设计,使系统能自动根据LNG气化量的波动调节冷媒的流量,自动根据冷库和冷水需冷量的变化调节乙醇流量在两者之间的分配,从而保证了冷媒循环的顺利安全进行。针对本工艺采用火用分析进行了热力学分析,通过各物流和操作单元的火用计算,和对两台换热器的冷热物流温度及其换热温差分布分析,得到以1atm,25℃为平衡态的各物理的火用值和两台换热器的火用效率。 以广亚铝业LNG气化站潜在的周围的冷能用户为背景,对LNG冷能用于冷库和冷水工艺的工程设计进行了研究。气化站的最大气化量2000Nm3规模时,冷媒循环系统可向冷库供冷16kW,生产22000kg/h的5℃的冷水,供应氧化车间。通过Aspen模拟软件可知:LNG-乙醇溶液换热器的换热面积为64m2,,热负荷为325kW,乙醇溶液-水换热器热面积为320m2,热负荷为305kW。通过操作弹性分析,确定了系统供冷的稳定性和安全性。本项目总投资250万元,依据建立的工程方案的能量评估方法和冷量计算数学模型,进行了本方案的节能效益评估,结果表明可实现经济效益47万元/年。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's natural gas industry, LNG WeiXing Railway Station built in WeiXing Railway Station LNG blossom everywhere, with a large gas around, for the convenience of users with gas. Aluminum is one of the LNG gasification station customers in the production process, to a large number of natural gas consumption, and need large amount of aluminum oxide for cold water cooling workshop the dining room needs, cold storage preservation. LNG will release a lot of cold energy in the gasification process, if the LNG can be used for cold preservation and cooling plant canteen workshop, can reduce energy consumption, save energy, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
This article through to the WeiXing Railway Station for LNG cold can be used for combined process of cold - cold storage, cold storage design of heat exchanger and cold water heat exchanger parallel pipe, refrigerant directly to the cold storage cooling of LNG cold energy utilization process. Its advantage is that can achieve quantitative distribution adjustment according to the requirement of LNG cold cold cold storage and cold water change in between the two, to avoid the middle refrigerant and cold refrigerant heat when the heat loss, improve the system of cold energy utilization. Through refrigerant selection, determine the middle refrigerant 60% ethanol solution as the solution and LNG heat exchanger. Through the design of the refrigerant circulation system, the system can automatically adjust the refrigerant according to LNG gasification amount fluctuation flow distribution automatically according to the change of the chilling requirement of cold storage and cold water regulating flow of ethanol in between, so as to ensure the smooth and safe refrigerant circulation. According to the process of fire The thermodynamic analysis is carried out. Through the exergy calculation of each logistics and operation unit, and the distribution analysis of the heat and cold flow temperature and heat transfer temperature difference of two heat exchangers, the exergy values of all physical and the exergy efficiency of the two heat exchangers at 1atm, 25 C are obtained.
In Guangya aluminium LNG gasification station potential around the cold energy users as the background for cold storage and cold water process engineering design of LNG cold energy was studied. The maximum amount of 2000Nm3 gasification station gasification scale, a refrigerant circulation system for 16kW cold to cold storage, cold water production 22000kg/h of 5 DEG C, the supply of workshop. By Aspen simulation software shows: LNG- ethanol solution heat exchanger area is 64m2, the heat load is 325kW, ethanol - water heat exchanger heat area 320m2, heat load for 305kW. by operating the elastic analysis, determine the system stability and safety of cooling. The total investment is 2 million 500 thousand yuan on the basis of energy project evaluation methods, established the mathematical model and calculation of refrigeration capacity, evaluate the energy efficiency of this scheme, results show that can achieve economic benefits 470 thousand yuan / year.
【学位授予单位】:华南理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:TE64;TB657
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