网络RTK在复杂环境中的定位情况及精度分析

发布时间：2018-03-23 11:13

本文选题：网络RTK　切入点：复杂环境　出处：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：网络RTK在的工程测量过程中极其重要的作用。在实际测量中经常会遇到环境因素对信号的遮挡,造成定位精度下降,本文利用泰安市高新技术开发区的大量实测数据,针对建筑物附近、树木以及高压线下等因素,做了大量实验[1],主要研究容如下:(1)选择泰安市一天门大街道路单侧树林测区,对树木下、树木旁、树林中三个环境下的实验研究,对这三种环境下测量数据的内外符合精度的对比,得出结论。当在树木下测量时,初始化一段时间内只能获得浮点解或者差分解,平面精度均大于0.2m,随着时间推移,卫星运动模糊度被确定,随后的一段时间内根据内外符合精度分析得,平面方向可以控制在3cm左右,高程5cm左右,满足一般工程测量要求。当在树木旁边测量时随着距离的增加,观测点受影响程度逐渐降低。在树林中,很难测得固定解。主要为单点解,平面误差上升至米级,不满足一般工程测量需要求。(2)通过研究建筑物对测量结果的影响实验分析。得出了在只有一侧有建筑物的情况下,接收机与建筑物顶端的连线与建筑物所成夹角是影响定位精度的关键,当夹角小于9.5°时,无法获得可靠观测解;在两侧都有建筑物的情况下,特别的,当建筑物高度大于两建筑物距离2倍关系时,这个观测角度应至少保证在15°以上,才能保证精度可靠稳定。(3)通过研究高压线下对网络RTK的影响,点位误差统计分析得出结论。第一,高压线对定位的影响程度要小于建筑物遮挡与树木遮挡,即使在高压线下固定解精度仍可保持在平面3cm左右,高程5cm左右,但在正午期间这个精度要相对较低。第二,通过数据分离发现固定解也分等级,正午期间的固定解平面均在3-4cm之间而早晨与傍晚时分固定解平面精度均在0-3cm之间,所以在高压线下测量时为保证高精度应尽量避免在正午期间观测。
[Abstract]:The network RTK plays an extremely important role in the engineering survey process. In the actual measurement, the environmental factors often block the signal, which results in the decrease of the positioning accuracy. In this paper, a large number of measured data from the Taian High-Tech Development Zone are used. A large number of experiments have been carried out in the vicinity of buildings, trees and under high-voltage lines [1]. The main research contents are as follows: (1) A forest survey area on one side of Yitianmen Street Road in Tai'an City was selected. The experimental study was carried out under trees, beside trees, and in three environments, namely, trees, trees, and trees. The conclusion is drawn from the comparison of the internal and external coincidence accuracy of the measured data in these three environments. When measuring under trees, only floating-point solutions or differential decomposition can be obtained in the initial period of time, and the plane accuracy is more than 0.2 m.The plane accuracy is more than 0.2 m, and over time, The ambiguity of satellite motion is determined. According to the accuracy analysis of internal and external coincidence, the plane direction can be controlled around 3cm, and the elevation 5cm can be controlled. Meet the requirements of general engineering survey. When measuring next to trees, the influence degree of observation point decreases gradually with the increase of distance. In the forest, it is very difficult to measure the fixed solution. The main solution is single point solution, and the plane error rises to meter level. Through the experimental analysis of the influence of the building on the survey results, it is concluded that in the case of only one side of the building, there is only one side of the building. The angle between the receiver and the top of the building is the key to the positioning accuracy. When the angle is less than 9.5 掳, the reliable observation solution can not be obtained. When the height of the building is 2 times greater than the distance between the two buildings, the observation angle should be at least 15 掳above, so as to ensure the accuracy, reliability and stability.) the influence of the high voltage line on the RTK of the network is studied. First, the influence of high voltage line on location is smaller than that of building and tree, even if the precision of fixed solution can be maintained at the level of 3cm or 5cm under the high voltage line, the results are as follows: (1) the influence of high voltage line on location is lower than that of building and tree. However, the accuracy is relatively low during noon. Secondly, the fixed solution plane is found to be graded by data separation. The fixed solution plane during noon is between 3-4cm and the fixed solution plane accuracy is between 0-3cm in the morning and evening. Therefore, in order to ensure high accuracy under the high voltage line, we should avoid observation during noon as far as possible.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB22

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