纤维素薄膜的增强研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 06:06

本文选题：纤维素再生薄膜　切入点：自增强　出处：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纤维素可经过工艺处理制备得到纤维素微纤、纤维素纳米线和纤维素纳米晶须。这些微纳米级的纤维素可以作为橡胶、聚氨酯等材料的增强剂。纤维素直接再生制备的薄膜有脆性并且强度不高。为此,本论文第一部分工作是将纤维素原料进行简单工艺处理-球磨,并将球磨粉末作为纤维素薄膜的自增强剂。结果显示球磨粉末不仅促进纤维素的溶解还可作为自增强剂,同时提高拉伸性能与扯断伸长率。控制球磨时间可以实现机械性能提升的调控,二者具有良好的相关性。纤维素溶液浓度的提高和较高分子量的纤维素原材料对纤维素再生薄膜的性能均有提高。本论文的第二部分重点研究高分子量纤维素对低分子量纤维素的增强作用。结果发现,高聚合度的纤维素与低聚合度的纤维素混合溶解不影响其耐热性和透明性,同时明显提高机械性能。甲壳素和纤维素同属多糖类生物质,性质相似并且甲壳素上的氨与纤维素上的羟基可形成氢键物理交联网络。同时甲壳素纳米线具有较好的柔韧性和强度。因此,论文的第三部分探究了甲壳素纳米纤维对再生纤维素薄膜材料的增强,扯断伸长率提高幅度达到100%。对纤维素薄膜的增强研究有助于拓展纤维素在薄膜领域的应用,逐渐取代石油化工产品薄膜等,减缓化工薄膜对环境的污染和危害。
[Abstract]:Cellulose, cellulose nanowires and cellulose nanocrystalline whiskers can be prepared by processing cellulose. These micro- and nanocrystalline cellulose can be used as rubber, The film prepared by direct regeneration of cellulose has brittleness and low strength. The results show that the ball milling powder not only promotes the dissolution of cellulose, but also can be used as self-reinforcing agent. At the same time, the tensile properties and elongation at break can be improved, and the mechanical properties can be improved by controlling the milling time. There is a good correlation between the two methods. Both the increase of cellulose solution concentration and the improvement of the properties of cellulose regenerated film by higher molecular weight cellulose raw materials. The second part of this thesis focuses on the study of the effects of high molecular weight cellulose on the properties of cellulose regenerated film. The enhancement of low molecular weight cellulose. The mixed dissolution of cellulose with high degree of polymerization and low degree of polymerization does not affect its heat resistance and transparency, and at the same time obviously improves its mechanical properties. The properties are similar and the ammonia on chitin and hydroxyl on cellulose can form a physical crosslinking network of hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, chitin nanowires have good flexibility and strength. In the third part of the paper, the enhancement of chitin nanofibers to regenerated cellulose film materials was investigated, and the elongation at break increased to 100%. The enhancement of cellulose film is helpful to expand the application of cellulose in the field of film. Gradually replace the petrochemical film and so on, reduce the pollution and harm of chemical film to the environment.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ352.79;TB383.2

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