钢丝绳减振器的性能分析

发布时间：2018-04-21 20:01

本文选题：钢丝绳减振器 + 钢丝绳　；参考：《北京化工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：钢丝绳减振器是通过钢丝绳的股与股和丝与丝之间的滑移、摩擦来实现减振功能,当被减振物体发生振动时,减振器产生动态位移,钢丝绳各股和各丝之间会产生摩擦阻尼,从而降低振动。本论文对钢丝绳和钢丝绳减振器进行理论分析、数值模拟和试验测试,研究其静态性能和动态响应,主要工作和结论如下： (1)对钢丝绳的受力状态进行力学分析,重点分析单股钢丝绳的轴向应力和弯曲刚度,得到了中心钢丝的最小取值公式。应用ANSYS软件,采用分层等效的方法,模拟钢丝绳的中心股、侧股以及整绳的轴向拉伸变形,得到了载荷位移变化关系曲线,进而取得了钢丝绳等效的弹性模量。设计了钢丝绳中心股、侧股以及整绳的轴向拉伸试验,以验证模拟结果的准确性。 (2)建立钢丝绳减振器有限元分析模型,针对其构造的复杂性和预应力及内摩擦力的不确定性,在实验基础上提出虚拟材料本构关系的方法,模拟钢丝绳减振器的载荷位移变化关系。同时考察结构参数的变化对三个方向静刚度的影响,结果表明：缠绕偏角对钢丝绳减振器的影响非常小；在同样的载荷条件下,缠绕宽度增加时,减振器的静变形增加,即静刚度有所降低,宽度对纵向和横向静刚度的影响趋势与垂向一致,但与垂向相比影响程度较小；减振器的静变形量随圈数的增加而减小,即静刚度增加。 (3)对钢丝绳减振器的动态特性进行了模拟分析,得到了固有频率和振型,通过谐响应分析比较了不同阻尼比下减振器的振动特点；通过瞬态分析模拟了减振器在受动态载荷过程中的冲击响应。
[Abstract]:The vibration absorber of steel wire rope is realized by sliding and friction between the strands and strands and wires and wires of the wire rope. When the vibration of the damped object occurs, the vibration absorber produces dynamic displacement, and friction damping will occur between each strand and wire of the wire rope. Thus reducing the vibration. In this paper, the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental test of wire rope and wire rope shock absorber are carried out to study its static performance and dynamic response. The main work and conclusions are as follows: The stress state of wire rope is analyzed, the axial stress and bending stiffness of single wire rope are analyzed, and the formula of minimum value of center wire is obtained. By using ANSYS software, the axial tensile deformation of the central strands, side strands and the whole rope of the wire rope is simulated by using the method of stratified equivalent, and the load-displacement relation curve is obtained, and the equivalent elastic modulus of the wire rope is obtained. The axial tensile tests of the central strands, side strands and the whole rope were designed to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. The finite element analysis model of wire rope shock absorber is established. Aiming at the complexity of structure and the uncertainty of prestress and internal friction, a method of constitutive relation of virtual material is put forward on the basis of experiment. The load displacement relation of wire rope shock absorber is simulated. At the same time, the influence of structural parameters on the static stiffness in three directions is investigated. The results show that the influence of winding deflection angle on the vibration absorber of wire rope is very small, and the static deformation of the absorber increases with the increase of winding width under the same load conditions. The influence of width on longitudinal and transverse static stiffness is similar to that of vertical, but the influence degree is smaller than that of vertical, and the static deformation of shock absorber decreases with the increase of the number of cycles, that is, the static stiffness increases. The dynamic characteristics of steel wire rope damper are simulated and analyzed, and the natural frequency and vibration mode are obtained. The vibration characteristics of the absorber under different damping ratios are compared by harmonic response analysis. The shock response of shock absorber under dynamic load is simulated by transient analysis.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535

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