基于压电陶瓷致动器的机械振动控制器设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:04

本文选题：压电陶瓷 + 半主动吸振器　；参考：《北方工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年,随着高新技术的发展,压电陶瓷的应用越来越广泛。利用压电陶瓷将外力转换成电能的特性,可以制造出压电点火器、移动X光电源、炮弹引爆装置等。利用压电陶瓷将电能转换成外力的特性,可作为驱动元件应用于声纳系统、气象探测、遥测环境保护、家用电器等方面。本文的研究目的是将压电陶瓷作为驱动元件应用于机械振动控制器当中,设计一种高频率可调的半主动机械振动控制器并对机械本体进行吸振效果分析和设计一种压电陶瓷驱动电源。本文针对该机械振动控制器系统展开了如下研究： (1)在充分查阅国内外相关文献的基础上,根据频率可调的半主动吸振器机构设计要求,提出了基于压电陶瓷驱动元件的高频吸振器总体设计方案,对机构各部分进行设计、分析。该吸振器具有结构简单、频带宽和针对高频减振的特点,并通过有限元法对该吸振器做谐响应分析,计算出该吸振器的减振效果。 (2)结合机械本体和压电陶瓷致动器的特点,设计一种基于开关式原理的压电陶瓷致动器动态驱动电源,本方案采用7组三端可调稳压器LM317串联叠加输出稳定电压,输出电压值的大小是通过接入电路中光耦占空比大小来实现的,进而给压电致动器供电。经过对实际电路测试实验结果表明,应用以上方法制作的压电陶瓷致动器动态驱动电源能够输出0V—200V直流电压,且该电源具有良好的稳定性。本文在基于压电陶瓷致动器的机械振动控制器的设计方法、压电陶瓷驱动电源的设计以及实验结果对压电陶瓷材料力学性能测试方法的研制有指导和借鉴作用,为下一步的研究开发打下坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of high-tech, piezoelectric ceramics are more and more widely used. By using piezoelectric ceramics to convert external force into electric energy, piezoelectric igniter, moving X-ray power supply, projectile detonating device and so on can be manufactured. Using piezoelectric ceramics to convert electric energy into external force can be used as a driving element in sonar system, meteorological detection, telemetry environment protection, household appliances and so on. The purpose of this paper is to use piezoelectric ceramic as driving element in mechanical vibration controller. A high frequency adjustable semi-active mechanical vibration controller is designed. The vibration absorption effect of the mechanical body is analyzed and a piezoelectric ceramic driving power supply is designed. In this paper, the mechanical vibration controller system is studied as follows: 1) according to the design requirements of semi-active vibration absorber with adjustable frequency, the overall design scheme of high-frequency vibration absorber based on piezoelectric ceramic driving element is put forward, and each part of the mechanism is designed. Analysis The vibration absorber has the characteristics of simple structure, frequency bandwidth and high frequency vibration absorption. Through the harmonic response analysis of the vibration absorber by finite element method, the vibration absorption effect of the absorber is calculated. Combined with the characteristics of mechanical body and piezoelectric actuator, a kind of dynamic driving power supply for piezoelectric actuator based on switch principle is designed. In this scheme, seven groups of three-terminal adjustable voltage regulator (LM317) are used in series superposition to output stable voltage. The output voltage is realized by the optocoupler duty ratio in the access circuit, which supplies the piezoelectric actuator. The experimental results show that the piezoelectric actuators can output 0V-200V DC voltage and have good stability. In this paper, the design method of mechanical vibration controller based on piezoelectric actuator, the design of piezoelectric ceramic driving power supply and the experimental results are helpful to the development of the testing method of piezoelectric ceramic material's mechanical properties. Lay a solid foundation for the next research and development.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535.1

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