灰岩地层圆形桩井爆破效果试验研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 16:01

本文选题：桩井爆破 + 爆破效果　；参考：《贵州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家西部大开发战略的实施,各地都在加快基础设施建设,西南地区以山地为主,建设过程中工程基础开挖普遍采用桩井爆破技术,而圆形桩井是目前应用最广泛的一种桩型。但是,爆破设计和施工时一般都是按照经验给出参数,为达到较好的爆破效果而盲目增加单孔装药量,这样经常出现桩井混凝土衬砌炸裂,甚至垮塌埋人的安全事故,影响施工进度、威胁人员安全。因此,需要确定影响桩井爆破效果的主要因素,探究主要因素与爆破效果之间的关系,从而提高桩井爆破炮孔利用率并减少混凝土衬砌的破坏。论文利用层次分析得出了影响桩井爆破效果的主要因素:岩石性质、炸药单耗、地质构造、掏槽方式、断面大小,其中场地选定后主要影响因素为炸药单耗、断面大小、掏槽方式等三项。基于贵阳某安置房桩井爆破工程进行了现场试验,试验选择0.9m、1.2m、1.5m直径桩井为试验对象对不同炸药单耗、不同掏槽方式下的循环进尺进行统计,计算得到炮孔利用率,同时采用TC-4850N爆破振动测试仪、DH3820静态应变测试系统分别对试验桩井混凝土衬砌表面进行爆破振动监测及应变监测,采用萨氏理论拟合回归方程,得到桩井爆破中爆破地震波传播规律回归公式,并将爆破振动传播规律与混凝土衬砌轴向、环向应变结合起来,通过对现场实验监测数据的分析研究,总结主要影响因素与炮孔利用率的关系及桩井混凝土衬砌对爆破振动的应变响应规律,得出了0.9m、1.2m、1.5m直径桩井炸药单耗的阈值及最大段药量与混凝土衬砌的爆心距之间的经验公式,根据经验公式推导出桩井混凝土衬砌与桩井掘进面的最小距离,为桩井爆破设计施工提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the national strategy for the development of the western region, infrastructure construction is being accelerated in various places. In the southwest of China, the mountainous region is the main area. In the process of construction, pile-hole blasting technology is widely used in the excavation of the engineering foundation. The circular pile well is the most widely used pile type at present. However, in the design and construction of blasting, parameters are usually given according to experience. In order to achieve better blasting effect, the charge quantity of single hole is increased blindly. Thus, there are often cracks of concrete lining in pile wells, and even safety accidents of people collapsing and burying. Affect the progress of construction and threaten the safety of personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the main factors that affect the blasting effect of pile wells, and to explore the relationship between the main factors and the blasting effects, so as to improve the utilization ratio of blasting holes in pile wells and reduce the damage of concrete lining. In this paper, the main factors influencing the blasting effect of pile well are obtained by analytic hierarchy process (AHP): rock property, explosive unit consumption, geological structure, cutting mode, cross section size, among which the main influencing factors after site selection are explosive unit consumption and cross section size. Cutting methods, etc. Based on the field test of a pile well blasting project in Guiyang, 0.9m 1.2m diameter pile well is selected as the test object, and the circulating ruler with different explosive consumption and different cutting mode is counted, and the utilization ratio of the hole is calculated. At the same time, using TC-4850N blasting vibration tester and DH3820 static strain test system, blasting vibration monitoring and strain monitoring of concrete lining surface of test pile well are carried out respectively. The regression formula of blasting seismic wave propagation law in pile well blasting is obtained, and the blasting vibration propagation law is combined with the axial and circumferential strain of concrete lining. This paper summarizes the relationship between the main influencing factors and the utilization ratio of the hole and the strain response law of the concrete lining of the pile well to the blasting vibration, and obtains the empirical formula of the threshold value of explosive unit consumption and the maximum charge amount of the pile well with the diameter of 0.9 m ~ (1.2 m) ~ 1.5 m and the distance between the blasting center of the concrete lining and the explosive consumption. According to the empirical formula, the minimum distance between the concrete lining of pile well and the driving surface of pile well is deduced, which provides the basis for the design and construction of pile well blasting.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU753;TU751.9

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