悬臂梁颗粒阻尼系统减振特性的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 19:41

本文选题：悬臂梁 + 颗粒阻尼　；参考：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：颗粒阻尼技术于二十世纪九十年代被提出,是一种新兴的振动被动控制技术。该项技术是通过在系统结构振动的传播路径上,在系统结构上加工一定数量的空腔或者在系统结构上外置空腔结构,在其中填充一定数量的金属颗粒或者非金属颗粒。当系统结构受到激励产生振动时,所填充的阻尼颗粒之间通过不断的碰撞与摩擦运动,消耗系统结构所产生的振动能量,能够显著提高系统结构的阻尼特性,从而达到抑制系统振动的目的。颗粒阻尼技术具有多种优点：结构简单、成本低廉、阻尼性能良好,对系统的结构改动较小,且适用于高温、腐蚀等恶劣的工作环境。本文在悬臂梁工件的基础上,通过实验对影响颗粒阻尼性能的影响因素进行了探索研究,主要工作内容包括以下几项：(1)阐述了颗阻尼离散单元法的基本原理及其一般过程,介绍了颗粒间的接触力学模型,并基于接触力学模型介绍了颗粒阻尼技术冲击和摩擦的耗能机理。(2)确定需要考察的影响颗粒阻尼特性的因素,设计加工实验台,包括实验材料的购买,悬臂梁结构的设计和加工,颗粒阻尼器的设计,准备好实验台所需的设备仪器。确定实验方案和目的,介绍了半功率带宽法计算阻尼比的方法原理。(3)针对不同的影响因数,设计不同的实验方案,整理实验获得的数据,并根据数据规律来分析潜在的原因。实验主要分两个部分,包括单筒大容积阻尼器实验和多筒小容积阻尼器实验,实验目的明确有序。(4)实验最后考查颗粒质量对颗粒阻尼性能的影响趋势,对获得的数据进行曲线拟合,并分析误差,尝试给出颗粒阻尼性能的定量化计算,也为以后的相关研究提供一定的数据基础。(5)为了更全面的了解颗粒阻尼特性,本文还设计了其他实验安排,包括相同颗粒质量不同填充率实验,筒径粒径因素实验,颗粒质量相同的情况下单个大容积阻尼器与多个小容积阻尼器的对比实验等,并分析了每个实验规律的潜在原因。
[Abstract]:Particle damping is a new passive vibration control technique, which was proposed in 1990's. This technique is to fill a certain number of metal or non-metallic particles in the system structure by machining a certain number of cavities on the path of the vibration propagation of the system structure or by placing the cavity structure outside the system structure. When the system structure is excited to produce vibration, the damping characteristics of the system structure can be significantly improved by the continuous collision and friction motion between the filled damping particles, which consumes the vibration energy generated by the system structure. In order to suppress the vibration of the system. Particle damping technology has many advantages, such as simple structure, low cost, good damping performance, small structural changes to the system, and suitable for high temperature, corrosion and other harsh working environment. On the basis of the cantilever beam workpiece, the influence factors of the particle damping performance are studied through experiments. The main work contents include the following items: 1) the basic principle and the general process of the discrete element method of particle damping are expounded. The contact mechanics model between particles is introduced. Based on the contact mechanics model, the energy dissipation mechanism of impact and friction of particle damping technology is introduced. These include the purchase of experimental materials, the design and processing of cantilever structures, the design of particle dampers, and the preparation of equipment for the test rig. The experimental scheme and purpose are determined. The principle of half-power bandwidth method for calculating damping ratio is introduced. Aiming at different influence factors, different experimental schemes are designed, and the experimental data are sorted out, and the potential causes are analyzed according to the data rules. The experiment is mainly divided into two parts, including single cylinder large volume damper experiment and multi cylinder small volume damper experiment. The purpose of the experiment is clear and orderly. Finally, the influence of particle mass on particle damping performance is investigated. The curve fitting and error analysis of the obtained data are carried out, and the quantitative calculation of the particle damping performance is attempted, which also provides a certain data basis for the related research in the future) in order to understand the particle damping characteristics more comprehensively, Other experimental arrangements are also designed in this paper, including the experiment of different filling ratio of the same particle mass, the experiment of the diameter of cylinder diameter, the contrast experiment between single large volume damper and multiple small volume dampers with the same particle mass, and so on. The potential causes of each experimental rule are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535.1

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