造器宜人之道

发布时间：2018-06-19 08:24

  本文选题：宜人 + 器　； 参考：《苏州大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：设计应当是为“人”的设计，这一点在千百年来人们的造器、用器活动的过程中已经得到确切的证实。人类最初创造器物的初衷是抱着方便生活的目的而产生,为了满足人类的生理和心理、物质与精神的需要，每一次造物的过程,都是在有意或无意地探询人性之根本。我们可以概略地将人类所经历之造型活动分为农业社会及工业革命后之两个阶段，造型活动从远古的先民们开始制造石器的时代，历经演变成今日之工业时代，此一连串悠久的历史是世世代代之造型经验的累积与发展，都是人类的创造力的体现。 在我国传统的造器经验中，有许多从“宜人”的角度探讨的设计思想，如传统造器中的“利于人谓之巧，不利于人谓之拙”、“规矩为度”、“治物者，不于物于人”、““天人合一”等，这些传统的设计思想都从一定程度上体现了以人为中心的“宜人”造器观，对这些有参考价值的设计思想进行重新疏理，通过分析与概括,归纳出我国传统造器文化中蕴藏的宜人性法理，达成对我国古代造器传统的重新理解和认识，力图为现代产品设计开辟一条“温故而知新”的研究蹊径。 在中国传统器物中所凝铸的宜人因素主要包括其功能、尺度及审美上。器物在人们的生产生活中不仅起着实用的功用，同时还起着社会功能的作用。人们在漫长的生产生活中不断突破，在原有的基础上尽量使器物设计能更加符合人的使用，如我国传统造器活动充分考虑其功用是否与人相宜，在此基础上形成了诸如一物多用、系列组合等先进的设计理念；此外，还考虑器物所用的材料是否与人相宜；器物是否与其使用的环境与场合相宜等等。“器”从最初作为便于国家统治的“礼”的象征、代言的社会功能也逐渐转化为反思层次设计的某一个面。而从我国传统设计思想中所蕴含的宜人观主要是合目的性的设计、文质兼备及人与自然的和谐共处问题，而这些方面依然是当代产品设计讨论的重点，本文通过具体案例的梳理与剖析，探析我国传统造器与当代产品设计之间的发展源流关系，表明古人的造器思想在当代并没有过时，即使在未来，它们仍然有其存在的价值和合理性。思想意识要付诸实现，则必然要借助于各种工艺、技术的运用。 工业革命之后，由于科学技术迅猛发展，各种先进的技术、工艺被运用到产品设计中，尤其是人机学、人类工程学的产生与发展，与许多新的科学技术相结合使得这些宜人设计的愿望得以更大程度上的实现，从而拓展了现代产品设计满足人类各种需求的宽广度。随着时代的发展，人们对产品设计的需求也越来越高，“宜人”设计的概念也不断延伸，这种设计理念已经扩展为不仅要求产品设计以人的生理、心理因素为中心，还要关注人类生存的整个自然与社会环境，在产品设计中体现生态、环保意识，注重社会伦理，如此，产品设计才能做到大格局下的真正的“宜人”，并形成良性循环。 宜人设计是产品设计的必然选择，因此对宜人性设计方法的研究是非常必要的。本文即以宜人设计思维为导向来研究产品设计，探寻宜人产品设计的艺术规律，丰富产品设计的理论探讨，并进一步指导产品设计的实践活动，从而期盼能够实现产品设计与传统造器文化的传承与创新。
[Abstract]:The design should be the design of "man", which has been confirmed in the process of the activities of the devices and devices for thousands of years. The original purpose of human creation was to produce the purpose of convenient life. In order to meet the physical and psychological, material and spiritual needs of human beings, the process of each creation was in the process of the human beings. On the basis of intentional or unintentional inquiry into human nature, we can roughly divide the modeling activities of human beings into two stages after the agricultural society and the industrial revolution. The modeling activities from the ancient ancestors began to make the stone tools, which have evolved into the industrial age of today. This series of long history is the model of generations. The accumulation and development of tests are the embodiment of human creativity.
In the traditional building experience of our country, there are many design ideas from the "pleasant" angle, such as the "favor of man" in the traditional manufacture, such as "good for man, not good for the person", "the rule is degree", "the rule of things, not the man", "the unity of heaven and man" and so on. On the basis of the "pleasant" theory of the center, the idea of the design which has a reference value is reorganized. Through the analysis and summary, the pleasing jurisprudence contained in the traditional culture of our country is summed up, and a new understanding and understanding of the ancient architecture of our country has been reached to open up a study of the modern product design. A new way.
The amenity factors in Chinese traditional utensils mainly include its function, scale and aesthetics. The utensils not only play practical functions in the people's production and life, but also play the role of social function. People have made a breakthrough in the long production and life, and try to make the design of the utensils more consistent with the people on the original basis. For example, if our traditional apparatus activities fully consider whether their function is appropriate to people, on this basis, the advanced design concepts such as a multi use, a series of combinations and other advanced design concepts are formed; in addition, the material used by the utensils is suitable for the people; whether the utensils are suitable for the environment and the occasion and so on. The symbol of the family rule "Rites", the social function of the endorsement is gradually transformed into a certain aspect of the design of the reflective hierarchy, and the pleasing view contained in the traditional design ideas of our country is mainly the design of the purpose, the quality and quality of the harmony and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and these aspects are still the focus of the discussion of the contemporary product design. Through the analysis and analysis of specific cases, this paper analyses the origin and flow relationship between Chinese traditional and contemporary product design, which shows that the ancients' idea of the creator is not out of date in the present time, even in the future, they still have its existence value and rationality. Application.
After the industrial revolution, because of the rapid development of science and technology, all kinds of advanced technology and technology have been applied to product design, especially the production and development of ergonomics, human engineering, and many new science and technology, which make the desirability of these pleasant designs be realized in a greater range, thus expanding the satisfaction of modern product design. With the development of the times, the demand for product design is increasing with the development of the times. The concept of "pleasant" design has also been extended. This design concept has been expanded to not only require product design with human physiological and psychological factors as the center, but also the whole natural and social environment of human survival, and the production of product design. Product design embodies ecology, environmental protection consciousness and social ethics. In this way, product design can make the real "pleasant" under the big situation, and form a virtuous circle.
The pleasant design is the inevitable choice of the product design. Therefore, it is necessary to study the design method of the suitable human nature. This article is based on the pleasant design thinking to study the product design, explore the artistic law of the pleasant product design, enrich the theory of product design, and guide the practical activities of the product design, so as to look forward to it. It is enough to realize the inheritance and innovation of product design and traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472
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本文编号：2039249