产品设计知识管理服务理论与方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 23:34

本文选题：知识服务 + 知识表达　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：随着服务经济概念在全球广泛传播和深入,制造业发展至今发生了翻天覆地的变化,面对复杂的竞争环境,制造业面临的挑战越来越多,而知识在企业内部发挥的作用日益明显。在产品设计周期不断缩短、交货期越来越短的情况下,伴随着知识的爆炸性增长、知识种类的多种多样,企业缺乏有效的知识分享机制,使得知识的查找时间过长。因此,制造企业需要构建一套完整的知识服务方法与技术,及时快速的响应瞬息万变的市场环境,开发出满足客户多样化需求的个性化产品。本论文主要内容如下:(1)产品设计知识管理服务总体框架。构建了产品设计知识管理服务体系结构,定义了知识管理及服务的相关概念与术语,讨论了产品设计知识管理服务的相关利益方,制定了实施产品设计知识管理服务的总体流程。(2)产品设计知识表达与分享方法。定义了产品设计知识分类方法,给出了各类知识的定义和特性,提出了基于XTM主题图的知识表达框架,并分别构建了开发过程本体模型、开发对象本体模型和知识对象本体模型,构建了知识对象模型所包含的四种知识本体,构建了基于XTM的表达结构模型。提出了知识组织与分享的总体框架和基于本体的知识集成框架,定义了知识集成本体以及知识集成本体与知识表达本体之间的映射适配器;然后进一步总结和分析了产品设计知识需求,将知识的需求划分为三个维度,并进分别讨论,在此基础上构建了知识检索技术和算法。(3)产品设计过程中的知识推送方法。以产品设计用户的知识需求入手,建立了三种产品设计过程中的知识需求,即基于设计任务的知识需求、基于兴趣的知识需求和领域专家知识需求,根据不同的知识需求制定相应的推送策略,构建了知识推送的流程,在此基础上提出基于任务的知识推送方法、基于兴趣的知识推送方法和专家知识推送方法。(4)产品设计知识管理服务机理和评价方法。分析了知识服务的相关利益方,构建知识服务需求方和提供方的知识服务流程,分析了知识服务需求的特征属性和知识服务资源的特征属性,构建知识服务映射和匹配流程,在此基础上,设计开发了知识服务匹配算法。分析了产品设计知识管理服务评价的特点,基于知识服务的需求特征和服务资源特征构建了产品设计知识管理服务平台评价指标体系。针对知识管理服务评价,构建了知识管理服务评价方法,并根据不同的评价结果提出了提升和改进的建议。在此基础之上,开发了相应的原型演示系统,通过应用示例对上述研究成果予以验证。本论文所提供的若干框架、方法、模型与算法,在一定程度上解决了企业在实施产品设计知识管理服务中所面临的若干关键问题,有助于企业提高产品设计效率。
[Abstract]:As the concept of service economy has been widely disseminated and deepened in the world, the development of manufacturing industry has changed dramatically so far. In the face of the complex competitive environment, the manufacturing industry is facing more and more challenges. The role of knowledge in the enterprise is becoming more and more obvious. Under the condition of shorter product design cycle and shorter delivery time, with the explosive growth of knowledge, the variety of knowledge types and the lack of effective knowledge sharing mechanism, the search time of knowledge is too long. Therefore, manufacturing enterprises need to build a complete set of knowledge service methods and technologies, timely and quickly respond to the rapidly changing market environment, and develop personalized products to meet the diverse needs of customers. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the general framework of knowledge management service in product design. This paper constructs the architecture of product design knowledge management service, defines the concepts and terms of knowledge management and service, and discusses the relevant stakeholders of product design knowledge management service. The overall process of implementing product design knowledge management service is established. (2) Product design knowledge representation and sharing method. The classification method of product design knowledge is defined, the definition and characteristics of all kinds of knowledge are given, the knowledge representation framework based on XTM topic map is proposed, and the development process ontology model is constructed respectively. The object ontology model and the knowledge object ontology model are developed, four kinds of knowledge ontology are constructed, and the expression structure model based on XTM is constructed. The general framework of knowledge organization and sharing and the framework of knowledge integration based on ontology are proposed. The knowledge integration ontology and the mapping adapter between knowledge integration ontology and knowledge representation ontology are defined. Then, the knowledge requirement of product design is summarized and analyzed. The knowledge requirement is divided into three dimensions and discussed separately. On this basis, knowledge retrieval technology and algorithm are constructed. (3) knowledge push method in product design process. Based on the knowledge needs of product design users, three kinds of knowledge requirements in the process of product design are established, that is, knowledge needs based on design tasks, knowledge requirements based on interest and domain experts' knowledge requirements. According to different knowledge requirements, the corresponding push strategies are formulated, and the process of knowledge push is constructed. On this basis, a task-based knowledge push method is proposed. Knowledge push method based on interest and expert knowledge push method. (4) Product design knowledge management service mechanism and evaluation method. This paper analyzes the relevant stakeholders of knowledge service, constructs the process of knowledge service on the demand side and the provider side, analyzes the characteristic attribute of the knowledge service demand and the characteristic attribute of the knowledge service resource, and constructs the mapping and matching process of knowledge service. On this basis, a knowledge service matching algorithm is designed and developed. This paper analyzes the characteristics of product design knowledge management service evaluation, and constructs the evaluation index system of product design knowledge management service platform based on the requirement characteristics of knowledge service and service resource characteristics. Aiming at the evaluation of knowledge management service, this paper constructs the evaluation method of knowledge management service, and puts forward some suggestions to improve it according to the different evaluation results. On this basis, the prototype demonstration system is developed, and the above research results are verified by application examples. The framework, methods, models and algorithms provided in this paper solve to some extent the key problems faced by enterprises in the implementation of knowledge management services in product design, and help enterprises to improve the efficiency of product design.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472

【参考文献】