金属纤维多孔材料复合结构的声学性能

发布时间：2018-07-23 14:38

【摘要】：针对精密电子元器件等领域在受限空间内的噪声处理难题,以纤维直径为8μm~20μm的316L不锈钢纤维为原料,首先采用真空烧结技术制备了厚度为2 mm,孔隙率为55%~76%的不锈钢纤维多孔材料,然后将其与穿孔板、金属薄板复合并采用真空烧结技术制备了厚度为3~4 mm的复合结构,利用4206型声学阻抗管测试了金属纤维多孔材料及其复合结构的吸声系数和隔声量。系统分析了不锈钢纤维多孔材料的孔隙率与纤维直径、穿孔板结构参数及金属薄板对复合结构的吸声性能和隔声性能的影响规律。研究表明:当金属纤维多孔材料的厚度为2 mm时,宜选择单层复合结构进行噪声处理,其吸声系数稳定在0.3~0.4;当声波频率超过3000 Hz时,宜选择梯度复合结构进行噪声处理,其吸声系数最高可达0.75。穿孔板显著提高了复合结构的吸声系数。相对于穿孔板吸声结构而言,复合结构将第一共振频率向低频方向移动且将共振频率附近的吸声频带变宽。在梯度金属纤维多孔材料层间添加金属薄板后,可进一步提高其吸声系数。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of noise treatment in confined space in the fields of precision electronic components, 316L stainless steel fiber with a diameter of 8 渭 m or 20 渭 m is used as raw material. The porous material of stainless steel fiber with thickness of 2 mm and porosity of 55% was prepared by vacuum sintering technique, and then the composite structure of 3 mm thickness 4 mm was prepared by vacuum sintering technology, which was combined with perforated plate and sheet metal. The sound absorption coefficient and sound insulation of metal fiber porous material and its composite structure were measured by 4206 type acoustic impedance tube. The influences of porosity and fiber diameter of stainless steel fiber porous material, structure parameters of perforated plate and metal sheet on sound absorption and sound insulation of composite structure were systematically analyzed. The results show that when the thickness of metal fiber porous material is 2 mm, the single layer composite structure should be selected for noise treatment, and the sound absorption coefficient is stable at 0.3 ~ 0. 4. When the acoustic frequency exceeds 3000 Hz, the gradient composite structure should be chosen for noise treatment. The maximum sound absorption coefficient is 0.75. The perforated plate significantly increases the sound absorption coefficient of the composite structure. Compared with the perforated plate structure, the composite structure moves the first resonance frequency to the low frequency direction and widens the sound absorption band near the resonant frequency. The sound absorption coefficient can be further improved by adding metal sheet between layers of gradient metal fiber porous materials.
【作者单位】：西北有色金属研究院金属多孔材料国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51301141) 陕西省科技创新团队(2015KCT-11) 陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2016KTCQ01-111)
【分类号】：TB535.1

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