临近边坡爆破微差时间优化及实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 19:42

【摘要】：随着爆破技术在工程中的广泛应用，微差爆破作为一种有效的爆破减振技术，得到人们的很大关注。同时,数码雷管的规模化生产，也为精确微差爆破的实现提供了物质基础,因此，研究临近边坡爆破最优微差时间，对保护边坡稳定、维持基建工程安全运行有十分重要的意义。本文针对不同方法选取的最优微差时间差距较大的问题，以国家自然科学基金项目（51174147）为背景，基于室内混凝土边坡实验，首先利用小波包分析技术对不同微差时间下的爆破振动信号进行小波包能量谱研究，获得了振动信号在不同频带上的能量分布图，得出该实验背景下的最优微差时间。然后，对爆破振动速度信号进行微分、去噪处理，采用Fourier变换方法求得信号的加速度和标准加速度反应谱；通过对比响应加速度大小，从另一角度确定了该边坡模型的最优微差时间，而且二种方法所得结果基本一致。说明运用爆破振动信号小波包分析和反应谱分析综合分析方法确定最优微差时间是可行并符合实际的。本文为最优微差时间的确定提供了一种新的分析方法；此外，论文还结合边坡模态分析，得出边坡上可能的共振区域，对临近边坡爆破工程具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of blasting technology in engineering, millisecond blasting, as an effective blasting vibration reduction technology, has received great attention. At the same time, the large-scale production of digital detonators also provides a material basis for the realization of precise millisecond blasting. Therefore, the study of the optimal millisecond time of near slope blasting is beneficial to the protection of slope stability. It is of great significance to maintain the safe operation of capital construction projects. In this paper, aiming at the problem that the difference of optimal differential time between different methods is large, taking the project of National Natural Science Foundation (51174147) as the background, based on the indoor concrete slope experiment, Firstly, wavelet packet analysis technique is used to study the wavelet packet energy spectrum of the blasting vibration signal under different millisecond difference time. The energy distribution diagram of the vibration signal in different frequency bands is obtained, and the optimal differential time under the experimental background is obtained. Then, the velocity signal of blasting vibration is treated by differential and de-noising, and the acceleration and standard acceleration response spectrum of the signal are obtained by Fourier transform, and the magnitude of response acceleration is compared. From another point of view, the optimal differential time of the slope model is determined, and the results obtained by the two methods are basically consistent. It is shown that it is feasible and practical to determine the optimal differential time by using the wavelet packet analysis of blasting vibration signal and the comprehensive analysis method of response spectrum analysis. This paper provides a new analysis method for the determination of optimal differential time, in addition, combining with the slope modal analysis, the possible resonance region on the slope is obtained, which has certain guiding significance for the blasting engineering near the slope.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU751.9;TB41

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