基于嵌入式的结晶器振动台振动形态测量研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 19:59

【摘要】：结晶器振动状态正常与否是影响连铸生产质量和产量的重要因素。随着连铸和直接轧制的发展，不仅要求铸坯质量高，而且要求提高铸造速度。近年来,高效、近终形连铸技术的发展趋势，使得连铸过程的监测与控制技术显得尤为重要，同时也对结晶器振动测试以及控制技术提出了更高的要求。但在高速铸造时，易出现漏钢。为了保证钢坯质量，及时发现振动不平稳或小幅度失控，避免“漏钢”事故，需要在使用之前测试监视振动器的振动情况。因此，对结晶器振动状态进行监测分析有着重要意义和实用价值。本文研究结晶器振动台振动形态的测量方法，并提出了一套新型结晶器的离线检测系统的总体设计方案，将整套系统分成传感器终端和手持终端两大主要部件，解决了现有检测过程中的部分技术难题，如低频微弱信号的测量与积分，振动形态的三维同步测量与显示等，使得振动轨迹的表达更直观。并简要阐述了相关硬件和软件的设计思想以及系统的工作流程。通过三轴加速度传感器进行振动台的三维同步测量，并经过二次数字积分得到的各轴对应位移数据，最终合成振动台的三维轨迹图像，从而更直观地显示出其空间振动轨迹，为评价结晶器真实振动状态提供了依据。硬件部分，传感器终端完成信号的采集，并集成无线收发电路；手持终端通过无线传输的方式接收从传感器终端得到的振动信号，并完成信号的预处理以及控制指令的发送。本文为传感器设计了信号调理与接口电路，研究了低频微弱信号的三维同步测量方法和其实现方式。软件部分，利用C语言编写信号的采集程序，实现两个三轴传感器的同步采样。移植嵌入式Windows操作系统，，并在此系统平台上编制所需的设备驱动程序和应用程序，完成了对结晶器振动信号的处理。最后，对设计的测量电路以及相关算法进行了仿真，验证了本系统能够对微弱的低频位移信号进行测量并能够三维可视化显示，解决了现有的结晶器振动台测量中的部分技术难题，具有很好的工程价值。
[Abstract]:Whether the mold vibration state is normal or not is an important factor affecting the production quality and output of continuous casting. With the development of continuous casting and direct rolling, not only the quality of billet should be high, but also the casting speed should be improved. In recent years, with the development trend of high efficiency and near end shape continuous casting technology, the monitoring and control technology of continuous casting process is particularly important. At the same time, the mould vibration test and control technology are required higher. However, steel breakout is easy to occur in high speed casting. In order to ensure the quality of the billet, find out the vibration unsteady or out of control by a small margin in time, and avoid the "breakout" accident, it is necessary to test and monitor the vibration condition of the vibrator before use. Therefore, it is of great significance and practical value to monitor and analyze the vibration state of the mould. In this paper, the measuring method of the vibration shape of the mould shaking table is studied, and the overall design scheme of a new mould off-line detection system is put forward. The whole system is divided into two main components: the sensor terminal and the handheld terminal. Some technical problems in the process of detection are solved, such as the measurement and integration of low frequency weak signals, the three dimensional synchronous measurement and display of vibration morphology, etc., which make the expression of vibration trajectory more intuitive. The design idea of related hardware and software and the workflow of the system are briefly described. The three-dimensional synchronous measurement of the vibration table is carried out by the three-axis acceleration sensor, and the corresponding displacement data of each axis is obtained by the quadratic digital integration. Finally, the three-dimensional track image of the shaking table is synthesized, and the spatial vibration track is more intuitively displayed. It provides a basis for evaluating the real vibration state of the mould. In the hardware part, the sensor terminal completes the signal acquisition and integrates the wireless transceiver circuit; the handheld terminal receives the vibration signal from the sensor terminal by wireless transmission, and completes the signal preprocessing and the sending of the control instructions. In this paper, the signal conditioning and interface circuit are designed for the sensor, and the three dimensional synchronous measurement method of low frequency weak signal and its realization are studied. In the software part, C language is used to compile the signal acquisition program to realize the synchronous sampling of two three-axis sensors. The embedded Windows operating system is transplanted and the necessary device driver and application program are compiled on this system platform. The vibration signal of the mould is processed. Finally, the design of the measurement circuit and related algorithms are simulated to verify that the system can measure the weak low-frequency displacement signal and can be visualized. It has solved some technical problems in the measurement of mould shaking table and has good engineering value.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB534.2

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