冷凝器气密性检测系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-09-01 20:35

【摘要】：冷凝器作为冰柜制冷体系中不可或缺的一部分,在制冷过程中起着非常重要的作用。从压缩机排出的高温、高压的制冷剂蒸气在流经冷凝器过程中,通过向周围的空气放热,逐步降温,从而冷凝成为液体。制冷剂之所以能够制冷,前提条件就是由液态转变为气态,因此,冷凝过程非常重要。冷凝器通常由紫铜管或复合钢管经卷管机卷成弯管并由缝焊机焊接而成。而冷凝器的焊缝开裂会导致制冷剂的泄漏,这不仅会影响冰柜的制冷效果,而且还会产生安全隐患。因此对冷凝器的气密性进行检测是非常有必要的。本文即以某冷凝器生产厂商生产的冷凝器为检测对象。根据系统的检测要求,设计出一种气密性检测系统。使用该系统分别对标准样品和待测样品进行检测,并根据其数据曲线的逼近程度来判断待测样品气密性是否良好。本系统的检测过程为：首先,将通入冷凝器的气体产生的压强转化为便于采集的电压信号,接着,对电压信号进行采集,然后把采集到的数据发送到上位机,最后,上位机将采集到的数据以曲线的形式显示出来,并对标准样品曲线和待测样品曲线进行比对。本系统所完成的工作包括：信号转换模块的电路设计、数据采集模块和通讯模块的软、硬件设计以及上位机软件的设计。其中,通讯模块分为USB通讯和基于ZigBee的无线通讯两种方式。标准样品曲线和待测样品曲线的比对,既可以通过操作人员的经验进行判断,也可以通过算法进行自动判断。系统各个模块的硬件、软件设计完成后,对其功能分别进行测试,发现并解决了电路中存在的一些问题。最后系统整体测试正常,可以实现对冷凝器气密性的检测。不过要投入工厂大规模使用,其稳定性和可靠性还需要通过大量的测试来验证。
[Abstract]:As an indispensable part of freezer refrigeration system, condenser plays a very important role in the refrigeration process. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor in the process of passing through the condenser, through the surrounding air heat release, gradually cooling, thus condensing into a liquid. Refrigerant can be refrigerated, the prerequisite is from liquid to gas, so the condensation process is very important. Condensers are usually made of copper tubes or composite steel tube winding machines, which are welded by seam welding machines. The cracking of the weld seam of the condenser will lead to the leakage of refrigerant, which will not only affect the refrigerating effect of the freezer, but also produce the hidden danger of safety. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the air tightness of condenser. In this paper, the condenser produced by a condenser manufacturer as the test object. According to the requirements of the system, a gas tightness detection system is designed. The system is used to detect the standard sample and the sample to be tested, and to judge whether the gas tightness of the sample under test is good or not according to the approximation degree of the data curve. The detection process of the system is as follows: firstly, the pressure generated by the gas flowing into the condenser is converted into a voltage signal that is convenient to collect. Then, the voltage signal is collected, and then the collected data is sent to the upper computer. Finally, The collected data are displayed in the form of curves by the upper computer, and the standard sample curves are compared with the sample curves to be tested. The work of the system includes the circuit design of the signal conversion module, the software and hardware design of the data acquisition module and the communication module, and the design of the upper computer software. Among them, communication module is divided into USB communication and wireless communication based on ZigBee. The comparison between the standard sample curve and the sample curve to be tested can be judged not only by the operator's experience, but also by the algorithm. After the hardware and software design of each module of the system are finished, the functions of the system are tested, and some problems in the circuit are found and solved. Finally, the whole system is tested normally and the air tightness of condenser can be detected. However, its stability and reliability need to be verified by a large number of tests to be used in large scale.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB657.4;TP274

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