基于事件模型的产品功能设计研究及应用

发布时间：2018-09-11 12:11

【摘要】：产品概念设计是产品设计过程中最活跃、最富有创造性的阶段之一。功能是概念设计的主要处理对象。功能的抽象化、表达、分解和推理是概念设计阶段的核心问题。近年来，事件作为一种具有广阔应用前景的知识表示方法，逐渐成为如人工智能等知识处理领域的研究热点之一。本文从事件角度出发，研究基于事件模型的产品功能设计相关问题。完成的主要工作如下： 1.基于对产品构成本质问题的认知思考，提出了一种产品的事件认知方式。根据对产品具体实体构成和抽象功能构成的分析，从认知角度探讨了产品的事件构成问题，提出了一种将事件作为产品基本构成单元的认知方式：产品本质上可看作是保证体现产品功能的事件有控制地、有序发生的系统。产品的事件认知方式符合人们的思维习惯，便于理解和使用。 2.为了给事件这种产品基本构成单元提供统一的描述方式，建立了事件的数学描述模型。在事件表示模型中，采用命题逻辑来表示事件的本体，集合论和域关系演算来表示事件的变体，且变体是本体约束下事件的可变空间，进而成功地将事件的本体和变体有机结合来表示事件整体；基于事件表示模型，建立了描述事件选择、投影、例化、连接、分解及等价等操作的事件运算模型。上述两个模型统称为事件模型。事件模型的事件本体给出了事件的变化依据，事件变体圈定了事件的变化范围，事件操作实现了事件的变化方法，从而为产品功能设计和设计多样性的研究奠定了理论基础。 3.针对产品功能表达需同时表达功能内涵和外延的要求，提出了产品功能的事件表达方法。基于事件模型，采用事件的本体表示功能的内涵，事件的变体表示功能的外延，借助事件本体对变体的约束作用来反映功能内涵和外延的辩证关系，进而提出了产品功能的事件表达方法。同时，给出了描述功能的事件知识分类方法和组织方法，并提出了基于事件模型的产品发明创意提出方法。功能的事件表达方法有利于拓展设计空间，便于进行联想扩展，有助于得到更多创新解并提高设计问题的求解效率。 4.在事件功能表达方法的基础上，给出了基于事件模型的功能建模方法。在探讨了基于事件模型的产品设计多样性和功能设计基本过程的前提下，首先，给出了借助事件知识层次树实现总功能抽象的方法；其次，确定了事件功能的分解原则和分解方法，建立了表达产品功能构成的事件功能分解树，并给出了该树的图形表示、数学描述和求解算法等；最后，结合事件知识层次树，给出了拓展事件功能分解树的概念和拓展方法，并探讨了事件知识重用等问题。基于事件模型的功能建模方法可降低问题的复杂度，提高设计效率，拓展设计空间。 5.将基于事件模型的产品功能设计方法应用于空间可展开天线设计和网络智能自动辅导系统研发中，取得了满意的结果。一是，，给出了可展开天线展开功能的事件表达和抽象，进而提出了两种新的可展开天线创意；二是，将上述模型和方法应用于“乐辅通”网络智能自动辅导系统的创意提出、总功能分解、功能结构建立及功能模块开发中，提高了系统的智能性和研发效率。这两个例子验证了本文模型和方法的正确性与有效性。
[Abstract]:Product conceptual design is one of the most active and creative stages in the process of product design. In this paper, from the point of view of events, the issues related to product function design based on event model are studied.
1. Based on the cognitive thinking of the essential problem of product composition, this paper puts forward an event cognition mode of product. According to the analysis of the concrete entity and abstract function of the product, the event composition of the product is discussed from the cognitive point of view, and a cognitive mode that regards the event as the basic component of the product is put forward: the product is essentially a product. It can be seen as a system that ensures that the events reflecting the functions of the products occur in a controlled and orderly manner.
2. In order to provide a unified description of event, a mathematical description model of event is established. In the event representation model, propositional logic is used to represent the ontology of event, set theory and domain relation calculus are used to represent the variant of event, and variant is the variable space of event under ontology constraint. Based on the event representation model, an event operation model describing the operations of event selection, projection, instantiation, connection, decomposition and equivalence is established. These two models are collectively called event models. Event change scope and event operation implement event change method, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of product function design and design diversity.
3. According to the requirement that product function expression needs to express function connotation and extension at the same time, an event expression method of product function is proposed. At the same time, the event knowledge classification method and organization method of describing function are given, and the method of product invention and creativity based on event model is put forward. And improve the efficiency of design problem solving.
4. Based on the method of event function representation, the method of function modeling based on event model is given. On the premise of discussing the diversity of product design and the basic process of function design based on event model, firstly, the method of total function abstraction by means of event knowledge hierarchy tree is given; secondly, the decomposition of event function is determined. Principles and decomposition methods are used to establish the event function decomposition tree which expresses the composition of product functions, and the graphical representation, mathematical description and solving algorithm of the tree are given. Finally, the concept and method of extending event function decomposition tree are given combining with event knowledge hierarchy tree, and the problems of event knowledge reuse are discussed. The functional modeling method can reduce the complexity of the problem, improve the design efficiency and expand the design space.
5. The method of product function design based on event model is applied to the design of deployable antenna in space and the development of intelligent automatic tutoring system in network. Satisfactory results are obtained. The method has been applied to the creative proposal of the network intelligent automatic tutoring system of Lefutong. The total function decomposition, function structure establishment and function module development have improved the intelligence and research efficiency of the system.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472

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