“两弹一星”工程实施的方法论原则及其启示

发布时间：2018-09-18 12:26

【摘要】：“两弹一星”工程是我国上世纪在资源、技术、人员等都十分有限的情况下进行大科学工程研究的成功案例,对我国的科学技术的发展产生了十分深远的影响。为我国“大科学”的科学发展模式提供了重要的示范作用。不仅对当时我国科技水平提升,国际影响力和话语权的提高有十分重要的作用,同时也为我国科学技术今后的发展积累了十分丰富和宝贵的经验,具有十分深远的影响。随着对相关文件的解密,探索关于“两弹一星”工程的文章目前有很多,但大部分都是从组织管理学、资源配置、工程精神和回忆报道的角度进行探讨研究。为了结合现代大科学的发展特点,深入理解“两弹一星”工程在方法论方面所蕴含的对现代科学技术发展的启示,本文主要分析和探讨了“两弹一星”工程的方法论原则及其意蕴,以期有所创新。本文从“两弹一星”工程的实施过程入手,系统梳理和介绍了工程的时代背景、决策过程、实施过程的基本概况。着重对“两弹一星”工程的方法论原则的概括,从其所包含的:集中全国的物质力量进行科学研究、自上而下的人员调配模式、重点突破、自主创新四个方面为切入点,对其方法论原则进行逐项的论述。深入挖掘“两弹一星”工程的方法论所包含的意蕴,理论联系实际,结合国务院颁布的《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020年)》中的自主创新、重点跨越、支撑发展、引领未来的十六字方针,引导对我国现阶段科研工作中的资源配置、人才分布及培养,以及重点学科领域的规划等方面进行深入的思考。反思科研过程中存在的问题,阐明其研究实施方法对现阶段我国科研工作的指导意义,同时结合我国现阶段科技发展实际状况,指导我国科技不断自主创新发展。
[Abstract]:The "two bombs and one Star" project is a successful case of large-scale scientific engineering research in China in the last century under the condition of limited resources, technology, personnel, etc., which has had a very profound impact on the development of science and technology in our country. It provides an important demonstration for the scientific development model of "Great Science" in China. It not only played an important role in raising the level of science and technology, the international influence and the right of speech, but also accumulated rich and valuable experience for the future development of science and technology in China. With the decryption of related documents, there are many articles exploring the "two bombs and one Star" project, but most of them are discussed from the perspectives of organizational management, resource allocation, engineering spirit and recall report. In order to combine the characteristics of the development of modern science and technology, and to understand in depth the implications of the "two bombs, one Star" project in methodology for the development of modern science and technology, This paper mainly analyzes and discusses the methodological principle and implication of the "two bombs and one Star" project with a view to innovating. Starting with the implementation process of the "two bombs and one Star" project, this paper systematically introduces the background of the project, the decision-making process and the basic general situation of the implementation process. Focusing on the summary of the methodological principles of the "two bombs and one Star" project, from the following four aspects: concentrating the material forces of the whole country for scientific research, the top-down pattern of personnel deployment, the key breakthrough, and the four aspects of independent innovation, The principles of its methodology are discussed item by item. By digging deeply into the implications of the methodology of the "two bombs and one Star" project, integrating theory with practice, and combining the independent innovation in the outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020) promulgated by the State Council, we will focus on leaping over and supporting development. To guide the future policy of sixteen characters and to think deeply about the distribution of resources, the distribution and cultivation of talents, and the planning of key disciplines in our country's present scientific research work. This paper reflects on the problems existing in the process of scientific research, expounds the guiding significance of its research implementation method to the present stage of our country's scientific research work, and at the same time, combines the actual situation of our country's current scientific and technological development to guide the continuous independent innovation development of our country's science and technology.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB-03

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