航空轴承齿轮材料超声波检测方法的研究
发布时间：2018-10-17 07:36
【摘要】：材料内部有缺陷(夹渣、气孔、裂纹等)在制成轴承或者齿轮后,在受到交变载荷的作用时,缺陷会产生应力集中而迅速增大,从而割裂材料,造成零件破坏,甚至造成重大事故,因此要对钢厂生产出的材料进行检测。在目前常用的五种无损检测方法当中,涡流、磁粉和渗透检测法主要用于检测表面及近表面的缺陷,因此,不考虑采用这三种方法。射线检测,检测灵敏度较高,且对零件的结构也没有特殊要求,但不适合检测锻造类缺陷,容易造成漏检。基于以上考虑,只有采用超声波进行检测。本试验选用三种航空轴承齿轮材料做成的试块作为研究对象,在试块底部有一个直径Φ0.4mm,孔深1.0mm的平底孔,根据基础理论知识设计出与不同厚度试块相匹配的探头,然后使用数字式超声波探伤仪进行探伤实验,根据实际探伤后的结果进行分析讨论,逐渐优化探头的设计,以达到对三种航空轴承齿轮材料进行精密探伤的目的。最终通过对人工缺陷进行大量的检测试验,对检测方法和检测结果进行验证,得出:采用特殊的探头,使用高灵敏度的水浸超声聚焦检测技术,可以有效地检测出三种航空轴承齿轮材料20mm厚试块内的缺陷,对于三种材料40mm厚试块内部同样大小的缺陷则无法检测出来。
[Abstract]:There are defects in the material (including slag, air holes, cracks, etc.) after they are made into bearings or gears, when they are subjected to the action of alternating load, the defects will produce stress concentration and increase rapidly, thus breaking the material and causing damage to the parts. Even caused major accidents, so the steel plant to produce materials for testing. Among the five commonly used nondestructive testing methods, eddy current, magnetic particle and permeation methods are mainly used to detect surface and near-surface defects. Therefore, these three methods are not considered. The sensitivity of radiographic detection is high and the structure of parts is not required, but it is not suitable to detect forging defects, which can easily lead to missed detection. Based on the above considerations, only ultrasonic testing. In this experiment, three kinds of aeronautical bearing gear materials were selected as the research object. There is a flat bottom hole with diameter 桅 0.4mm and hole depth 1.0mm at the bottom of the test piece. According to the basic theoretical knowledge, the probe matching with different thickness test blocks is designed. Then the digital ultrasonic flaw detector is used to carry on the flaw detection experiment, according to the actual inspection result carries on the analysis discussion, gradually optimizes the probe design, in order to achieve three kinds of aviation bearing gear material to carry on the precision flaw detection goal. Finally, through a large number of testing experiments on artificial defects, the testing methods and results are verified. It is concluded that the special probe is used, and the high sensitivity ultrasonic focused water immersion detection technology is used. The defects in 20mm thick test blocks of three kinds of aeronautical bearing gear materials can be effectively detected, but the same size defects in 40mm thick test blocks of three kinds of materials can not be detected.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V267;TB559
[Abstract]:There are defects in the material (including slag, air holes, cracks, etc.) after they are made into bearings or gears, when they are subjected to the action of alternating load, the defects will produce stress concentration and increase rapidly, thus breaking the material and causing damage to the parts. Even caused major accidents, so the steel plant to produce materials for testing. Among the five commonly used nondestructive testing methods, eddy current, magnetic particle and permeation methods are mainly used to detect surface and near-surface defects. Therefore, these three methods are not considered. The sensitivity of radiographic detection is high and the structure of parts is not required, but it is not suitable to detect forging defects, which can easily lead to missed detection. Based on the above considerations, only ultrasonic testing. In this experiment, three kinds of aeronautical bearing gear materials were selected as the research object. There is a flat bottom hole with diameter 桅 0.4mm and hole depth 1.0mm at the bottom of the test piece. According to the basic theoretical knowledge, the probe matching with different thickness test blocks is designed. Then the digital ultrasonic flaw detector is used to carry on the flaw detection experiment, according to the actual inspection result carries on the analysis discussion, gradually optimizes the probe design, in order to achieve three kinds of aviation bearing gear material to carry on the precision flaw detection goal. Finally, through a large number of testing experiments on artificial defects, the testing methods and results are verified. It is concluded that the special probe is used, and the high sensitivity ultrasonic focused water immersion detection technology is used. The defects in 20mm thick test blocks of three kinds of aeronautical bearing gear materials can be effectively detected, but the same size defects in 40mm thick test blocks of three kinds of materials can not be detected.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V267;TB559
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 王玲;;航空发动机三支点轴承件的超声波检测技术[J];无损检测;2015年06期
2 高东海;范振中;黄凤英;郭r，
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