视觉障碍者无差异性设计研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 07:30
【摘要】：随着社会的进步，科技的发展，物质生活水平越来越高，各种产品极大丰富，，以功能为主的产品需求逐渐向以个性化为主的产品需求发展。在这种大趋势下，19世纪末英国“工艺美术运动”先驱威廉·莫里斯提出“为大多数人设计”的理念，时至今日，在某些方面依然是一个遥不可及的梦想1。在产品设计中一个重要的思想是“以人为本”，不仅仅考虑正常人的使用状况，还应该考虑到特殊人群的需求。视觉障碍者作为特殊人群中的一种，有着其独特之处，视觉作为人类最重要的感官机能，因其功能的丧失或变差，使视觉障碍者无时无刻不在面对着衣食住行等各个方面的困难和挑战。但是，在当今繁杂的设计中对这一特殊人群的关怀比较片面，使他们很难融入到社会生活中。因此，本课题以视觉障碍群体为研究对象，以无障碍设计、通用设计理论为支撑，寻求一种适用于视觉障碍群体大多数人的设计理念。 本课题以理论研究为主，以应用研究为辅。本论文主要分为五个部分：第一部分为视觉障碍者群体研究，明确其定义、分类及现状，剖析其差异；第二部分依据视觉障碍者的差异，将“无差异性”引入到设计之中，提出视觉障碍者无差异性设计理论；第三部分别从无障碍设计、通用设计和感官代偿等方面对理论的提出进行论证；第四部分根据视觉障碍者实际情况，总结归纳视觉障碍者无差异性设计的原则和评价标准；第五部分是对视觉障碍者无差异性设计的应用实践。本文中第二部分和第四部分是理论研究的重点，也是本课题研究的创新点。 本文中视觉障碍者无差异性设计研究的最基本的目的在于从人文关怀和资源节约的角度，解决因视觉障碍差异带来的多样化需求的问题；其深层次的目的在于通过扩大目标受众、简化设计思路，吸引更多的设计者和营销者关注到视觉障碍群体的需求中来，解决视觉障碍者学习、工作、生活各个方面的问题。视觉障碍者无差异性设计理论的提出，不仅丰富了无障碍设计在视觉障碍方面的理论，还对其他群体的设计提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the material living standard is getting higher and higher. Under this general trend, William Morris, the pioneer of the British "arts and crafts movement" in the late 19th century, put forward the idea of "designing for most people", which is still a distant dream in some respects. An important idea in product design is "people-oriented", which not only considers the use of normal people, but also the needs of special people. As one of the special people, the visual impairment has its own unique features. As the most important sensory function of human beings, the visual impairment is due to the loss or deterioration of its function. People with visual impairment are faced with difficulties and challenges in all aspects, such as food, clothing, housing and transportation all the time. However, in today's complicated design, the concern for this special group is relatively one-sided, which makes it difficult for them to integrate into social life. Therefore, this topic takes the visual disability group as the research object, takes the barrier-free design, the universal design theory as the support, seeks one kind of design idea which is suitable for the visual handicap group most people. This subject is mainly based on theoretical research, supplemented by applied research. This paper is mainly divided into five parts: the first part is the study of the group of people with visual impairment, clear its definition, classification and current situation, analyze its differences; The second part introduces the "no difference" into the design according to the difference of the people with visual impairment, and puts forward the theory of the non-difference design of the visual impairment. The third part demonstrates the theory from the aspects of barrier-free design, general design and sensory compensation respectively. The fifth part is the application practice of no difference design for the visual impairment. The second and fourth parts of this paper are the focus of theoretical research and the innovation of this research. In this paper, the most basic purpose of the research on the non-difference design of the visual impairment is to solve the problem of the diversity of demands brought about by the difference of visual impairment from the angle of humanistic care and resource saving. Its deep purpose is to expand the target audience, simplify the design ideas, attract more designers and marketers to pay attention to the needs of the visually impaired group, and solve the problems of learning, working and life of the visually impaired people. The theory of non-difference design for visually impaired people not only enriches the theory of barrier-free design in the aspect of visual barrier, but also provides new ideas for the design of other groups.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472
本文编号：2326472
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the material living standard is getting higher and higher. Under this general trend, William Morris, the pioneer of the British "arts and crafts movement" in the late 19th century, put forward the idea of "designing for most people", which is still a distant dream in some respects. An important idea in product design is "people-oriented", which not only considers the use of normal people, but also the needs of special people. As one of the special people, the visual impairment has its own unique features. As the most important sensory function of human beings, the visual impairment is due to the loss or deterioration of its function. People with visual impairment are faced with difficulties and challenges in all aspects, such as food, clothing, housing and transportation all the time. However, in today's complicated design, the concern for this special group is relatively one-sided, which makes it difficult for them to integrate into social life. Therefore, this topic takes the visual disability group as the research object, takes the barrier-free design, the universal design theory as the support, seeks one kind of design idea which is suitable for the visual handicap group most people. This subject is mainly based on theoretical research, supplemented by applied research. This paper is mainly divided into five parts: the first part is the study of the group of people with visual impairment, clear its definition, classification and current situation, analyze its differences; The second part introduces the "no difference" into the design according to the difference of the people with visual impairment, and puts forward the theory of the non-difference design of the visual impairment. The third part demonstrates the theory from the aspects of barrier-free design, general design and sensory compensation respectively. The fifth part is the application practice of no difference design for the visual impairment. The second and fourth parts of this paper are the focus of theoretical research and the innovation of this research. In this paper, the most basic purpose of the research on the non-difference design of the visual impairment is to solve the problem of the diversity of demands brought about by the difference of visual impairment from the angle of humanistic care and resource saving. Its deep purpose is to expand the target audience, simplify the design ideas, attract more designers and marketers to pay attention to the needs of the visually impaired group, and solve the problems of learning, working and life of the visually impaired people. The theory of non-difference design for visually impaired people not only enriches the theory of barrier-free design in the aspect of visual barrier, but also provides new ideas for the design of other groups.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472
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