基于FBG和声波技术的损伤检测技术研究
发布时间：2018-11-24 18:39
【摘要】：损伤检测是重要工业技术之一,对社会经济的发展和对人身财产安全都具有重要意义。目前正朝向多传感技术相融合的方向发展,而将光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)和声波技术相结合,进行损伤检测,是当前损伤检测技术的热点之一。本文研究应用超声波激励待测结构,通过FBG测量携带损伤信息的超声信号,构建光声结合的检测系统以检测损伤。论文的主要工作如下:(1)分析了超声技术和FBG在损伤检测技术中研究进展和FBG解调技术的研究现状。(2)分析了超声波声场分布的特点,确定了FBG应轴向布设;分析了FBG传感原理和超声激励下FBG光栅长度对反射谱的影响,获得了用于检测超声波的FBG的光栅长度与超声波长的关系。(3)为解决FBG检测高频声波信号的波长解调问题,本文首先研究了基于长周期光纤光栅的高频解调系统。该系统将FBG反射光利用长周期光纤光栅进行光强调制,通过检测系统输出的光强的变化检测超声信号,该系统可以检测高幅值的超声信号,但灵敏度较低,无法获取较低幅值的兰姆波信号。(4)为获得高灵敏度的波长解调系统,本文设计了一种基于窄带FBG的高频解调系统。该系统将宽带光源利用窄带FBG调制为窄带光源,利用传感FBG对窄带光源进行光强调制,通过检测传感FBG的反射光强变化获取超声信号。实验表明改进后的系统解调频率达到了100KHz,并能获取较低幅值的兰姆波信号。该系统对某一固定传感FBG的解调范围较小,但兰姆波激励下传感FBG中心波长偏移很小,可以满足要求;通过分别设计对应的窄带FBG可解调多个传感FBG。此外,该系统中窄带光源由宽带光源调制而得,降低了成本。(5)构建了基于FBG和声波技术的损伤检测系统,以复合材料板作为研究对象,采用分布式损伤检测系统并利用幅值法对损伤进行了识别和定位,实验结果表明该系统成功识别和定位了损伤。
[Abstract]:Damage detection is one of the important industrial technologies, which is of great significance to the development of social economy and the safety of personal and property. At present, the multi-sensor technology is developing, and the combination of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (FBG) and acoustic wave technology to detect damage is one of the hot spots of damage detection technology. In this paper, ultrasonic excitation structure is used to measure the ultrasonic signal with damage information by FBG, and a photoacoustic detection system is constructed to detect the damage. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research progress of ultrasonic technology and FBG in damage detection technology and the research status of FBG demodulation technology are analyzed. (2) the characteristics of ultrasonic sound field distribution are analyzed and the axial layout of FBG is determined. The principle of FBG sensing and the influence of the length of FBG grating under ultrasonic excitation on the reflection spectrum are analyzed. The relationship between the length of FBG grating and the length of ultrasonic wave is obtained. (3) in order to solve the problem of wavelength demodulation of high frequency acoustic signal detected by FBG, the relationship between the length of the grating and the length of ultrasonic wave is obtained. In this paper, the high-frequency demodulation system based on long-period fiber grating is studied. The system modulates the light intensity of FBG by long period fiber grating, and detects the ultrasonic signal by detecting the variation of the light intensity. The system can detect the high amplitude ultrasonic signal, but the sensitivity is low. Low amplitude Lamb wave signal can not be obtained. (4) in order to obtain high sensitivity wavelength demodulation system, a high frequency demodulation system based on narrowband FBG is designed in this paper. The system modulates wide band light source into narrow band light source by narrow band FBG modulation, uses sensing FBG to modulate the light intensity of narrow band light source, and obtains ultrasonic signal by detecting the change of reflected light intensity of sensing FBG. The experimental results show that the demodulation frequency of the improved system is 100 kHz and the low amplitude Lamb wave signal can be obtained. The demodulation range of a fixed sensing FBG is small, but the center wavelength shift of the sensor FBG excited by Lamb wave is very small, which can meet the requirements. Several sensing FBG. can be demodulated by designing the corresponding narrow band FBG. In addition, the narrow band light source is modulated by broadband light source, which reduces the cost. (5) the damage detection system based on FBG and acoustic wave technology is constructed, and the composite material plate is taken as the research object. The distributed damage detection system and amplitude method are used to identify and locate the damage. The experimental results show that the system can identify and locate the damage successfully.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB559
本文编号：2354617
[Abstract]:Damage detection is one of the important industrial technologies, which is of great significance to the development of social economy and the safety of personal and property. At present, the multi-sensor technology is developing, and the combination of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (FBG) and acoustic wave technology to detect damage is one of the hot spots of damage detection technology. In this paper, ultrasonic excitation structure is used to measure the ultrasonic signal with damage information by FBG, and a photoacoustic detection system is constructed to detect the damage. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research progress of ultrasonic technology and FBG in damage detection technology and the research status of FBG demodulation technology are analyzed. (2) the characteristics of ultrasonic sound field distribution are analyzed and the axial layout of FBG is determined. The principle of FBG sensing and the influence of the length of FBG grating under ultrasonic excitation on the reflection spectrum are analyzed. The relationship between the length of FBG grating and the length of ultrasonic wave is obtained. (3) in order to solve the problem of wavelength demodulation of high frequency acoustic signal detected by FBG, the relationship between the length of the grating and the length of ultrasonic wave is obtained. In this paper, the high-frequency demodulation system based on long-period fiber grating is studied. The system modulates the light intensity of FBG by long period fiber grating, and detects the ultrasonic signal by detecting the variation of the light intensity. The system can detect the high amplitude ultrasonic signal, but the sensitivity is low. Low amplitude Lamb wave signal can not be obtained. (4) in order to obtain high sensitivity wavelength demodulation system, a high frequency demodulation system based on narrowband FBG is designed in this paper. The system modulates wide band light source into narrow band light source by narrow band FBG modulation, uses sensing FBG to modulate the light intensity of narrow band light source, and obtains ultrasonic signal by detecting the change of reflected light intensity of sensing FBG. The experimental results show that the demodulation frequency of the improved system is 100 kHz and the low amplitude Lamb wave signal can be obtained. The demodulation range of a fixed sensing FBG is small, but the center wavelength shift of the sensor FBG excited by Lamb wave is very small, which can meet the requirements. Several sensing FBG. can be demodulated by designing the corresponding narrow band FBG. In addition, the narrow band light source is modulated by broadband light source, which reduces the cost. (5) the damage detection system based on FBG and acoustic wave technology is constructed, and the composite material plate is taken as the research object. The distributed damage detection system and amplitude method are used to identify and locate the damage. The experimental results show that the system can identify and locate the damage successfully.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB559
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