结晶器反向振动控制模型及铸坯质量研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 19:15

【摘要】：连铸工艺相比于传统模铸法，不但大幅提高了金属收得率，而且显著改善了铸坯的质量，现在已经被世界范围内的钢铁企业广泛采用。而连铸机中最为重要的组成部分就是结晶器，被誉为连铸设备的“心脏”。早期的连铸结晶器静止不动，因此经常会出现连铸坯与结晶器内壁粘结的现象，导致连铸生产不能顺利进行。随后，，可振动结晶器的出现虽然大大改善了这一现象，但是由于振动的引入又导致了铸坯表面振痕的产生。而振痕的深度对连铸坯的质量起着至关重要的影响，而显然，在保证连铸生产顺利进行的前提下，铸坯振痕越浅越好。研究人员从结晶器的振动入手，通过对结晶器振动的波形、控制模型和参数的研究，改善连铸坯表面质量及润滑条件。反向振动控制模型是目前为止应用于结晶器振动中效果最为优异的控制模型。其主要特点是结晶器的振幅随着拉速的提高而增加，频率随着拉速的降低而减小。而本文在连铸结晶器振动技术的基础上，结合某钢铁事业部所提供资料，明确该公司从VAI所引进的连铸结晶器所使用的振动波形，研究其配套使用的反向控制模型，推导出影响连铸生产的主要振动工艺参数；分析了影响振痕形成及深度和保护渣消耗量的主要工艺参数；并建立了基于遗传算法的结晶器振动反向控制优化模型；利用MATLAB制作了反向控制优化模型用户界面，为实际生产中振动参数的选取和优化提供了理论依据和方便。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional die casting process, the continuous casting process not only greatly improved the metal yield, but also significantly improved the quality of billet, which has been widely used by iron and steel enterprises all over the world. And the most important part of the continuous casting machine is the mold, known as the "heart" of continuous casting equipment. The early continuous casting mould is stationary, so the continuous casting billet is often bonded to the inner wall of the mold, which leads to the continuous casting production not going on smoothly. Subsequently, the appearance of oscillatory crystallizer greatly improves this phenomenon, but the introduction of oscillation leads to the formation of vibration mark on the surface of billet. The depth of vibration mark plays an important role in the quality of continuous casting billet. Obviously, the shallower the vibration mark is, the better the slab vibration mark is under the premise of ensuring smooth continuous casting production. Based on the oscillation of mould, the surface quality and lubrication condition of continuous casting billet are improved by studying the waveform, control model and parameters of mold oscillation. Reverse oscillation control model is the most effective control model applied to mould oscillation so far. Its main feature is that the amplitude of the crystallizer increases with the increase of the casting speed and the frequency decreases with the decrease of the casting speed. In this paper, on the basis of continuous casting mould oscillation technology, combined with the information provided by a certain iron and steel department, the oscillation waveform of continuous casting mould imported from VAI is defined, and the reverse control model of its matching application is studied. The main vibration parameters affecting continuous casting production are deduced. The main technological parameters affecting the formation and depth of oscillation mark and the consumption of mold slag are analyzed, and the optimization model of mould oscillation reverse control based on genetic algorithm is established. The user interface of reverse control optimization model is made by using MATLAB, which provides a theoretical basis and convenience for the selection and optimization of vibration parameters in practical production.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TF341.6;TB535

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