带弹性材料涂层的颗粒阻尼器的机理研究

发布时间：2019-03-15 09:31

【摘要】：颗粒阻尼是一项振动被动控制新技术。它主要是通过在振动结构的空腔或者附加空腔中按照某一填充率放入金属或非金属颗粒,当机械结构受到激励产生振动时,会使得颗粒之间以及颗粒与空腔壁之间发生摩擦和冲击作用,同时不断进行动量交换、摩擦生热和噪声辐射,从而消耗系统的振动能量,进而达到减振降噪的目的。由于颗粒阻尼具有阻尼效果显著、结构简单、成本低廉、操作方便等特点,使得这种新型振动控制技术在未来有广阔的工程实际应用和发展空间。目前,对颗粒阻尼的研究主要以实验为主,理论研究还不够深入,且对颗粒阻尼器设计参数优化的研究尚不完善。本文根据该项技术的特点,对颗粒阻尼进行了理论研究,并通过实验来验证。同时,本文提出了一种带弹性材料涂层的颗粒阻尼器,并对其进行了理论与实验的分析。本文的主要工作包括：(1)建立颗粒阻尼碰撞和摩擦耗能的理论模型,通过Matlab对耗能模型进行计算模拟,分析阻尼器各个参数对耗能效果的影响。(2)结合粘弹性材料的特性及颗粒阻尼的减振机理,提出一种带弹性材料涂层的颗粒阻尼器,建立这种新型阻尼器的耗能模型,并与普通颗粒阻尼器进行对比。(3)通过颗粒阻尼实验,研究阻尼各个参数对阻尼效果的影响,对比有无弹性材料涂层的颗粒阻尼器的阻尼能力,验证理论研究的准确性。(4)通过噪声测试实验,研究颗粒阻尼器的各个参数对振动噪声的影响情况。对比两种颗粒阻尼器的噪声水平,验证带弹性材料涂层的颗粒阻尼器的降噪能力。
[Abstract]:Particle damping is a new technique for passive control of vibration. it is mainly formed by placing metal or non-metal particles in a cavity or an additional cavity of the vibration structure according to a certain filling rate, and when the mechanical structure is excited to generate vibration, the particles and the particles and the cavity wall can be caused to generate friction and impact, Meanwhile, the momentum exchange, the friction heat generation and the noise radiation are continuously carried out, so that the vibration energy of the system is consumed, and the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction is achieved. As the particle damping has the characteristics of obvious damping effect, simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and the like, the novel vibration control technology has wide application and development space in the future. At present, the research on the particle damping is mainly based on the experiment, the theoretical research is not deep enough, and the research on the optimization of the design parameters of the particle damper is not perfect. According to the characteristics of this technology, the theory of particle damping is studied and verified by experiment. At the same time, a kind of particle damper with elastic material coating is put forward, and the theoretical and experimental analysis is carried out. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) The theoretical model of particle damping collision and friction energy consumption is set up, and the effect of each parameter of the damper on the energy dissipation effect is analyzed by using Matlab to calculate the energy consumption model. (2) In combination with the characteristics of the viscoelastic material and the damping mechanism of the particle damping, a kind of particle damper with elastic material coating is put forward, and the energy consumption model of the new type damper is established and compared with the conventional particle damper. (3) The effect of various parameters on the damping effect is studied by the particle damping experiment, and the damping capacity of the particle damper with no elastic material coating is compared, and the accuracy of the theoretical research is verified. (4) The influence of each parameter of the particle damper on the vibration noise was studied by the noise test experiment. The noise level of the two particle dampers is compared, and the noise reduction capability of the particle damper with the elastic material coating is verified.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535

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