面向离散制造企业的装配线平衡优化研究
发布时间：2019-05-05 14:04
【摘要】：亚当斯密的劳动分工理论以及随之而出现的福特流水线生产方式已经主导世界工业化近100年，这种生产方式的变革在迅猛推动了世界经济发展的同时也带来了市场需求模式的极大改变，市场的主导权已从生产者手中转入消费者手中。企业所面临的不再是产能不足的问题，而是如何提高生产柔性、缩短生产周期、灵活应对市场需求多变等各种复杂问题。市场需求的变化又反过来刺激生产方式寻求一种新的突破，从而多品种小批量生产方式应运而生，其在力求保持传统大批量生产所具有的效率的同时，能够有效应对市场需求品种及需求量的多变性。目前，实现多品种小批量生产主要有两种途径，一种是采取混合流水线生产，另一种则是采用单元生产方式（是继大型流水线后的又一种重要生产方式，主要应用于离散制造企业中的组装制造业）。 本文主要针对以上问题讨论了单元生产方式的特点，以及其在离散制造企业中应对多品种小批量产品需求模式的优势。装配线平衡问题是伴随装配线的出现而产生的一类生产管理问题，并随着装配线的不断演化而得到扩展。在单元生产方式下，装配线平衡问题也具有了一定的独特性。本文根据这些特性以及以往的研究基础，提出了结合模糊优化理论的装配线平衡最优化优化数学模型，，并借助Lingo进行求解。装配线平衡的另一种实现方式则是通过工业工程手法对现有的装配线平衡状态不断的予以打破以寻求一种更优的平衡状态，其表现形式是通过对作业单元本身及作业单元之间关系的不断改进从而寻求目标的更优化。在此，本文也给出了详细的理论说明。 对于如何具体应用数学优化模型及工业工程手法来实现单元生产方式下的装配线平衡，以及对已获得的平衡状态的持续改善，本文借助一家城市轨道交通通信设备制造业的装配车间为研究对象，对本文所提出的论点进行了详细的证明。最终，本文不但证明了单元生产方式在应对离散制造企业的多品种小批量需求模式的有效性，而且还提出了获得装配线平衡的实现以及持续改善的有效方法。
[Abstract]:Adam Smith's theory of division of labor and the accompanying Ford assembly line production have dominated the industrialization of the world for nearly 100 years. The transformation of this mode of production not only promotes the development of the world economy, but also brings about a great change in the mode of market demand. The dominant power of the market has been transferred from the producer to the consumer. What enterprises are facing is no longer the problem of insufficient production capacity, but how to improve the flexibility of production, shorten the production cycle and respond flexibly to various complex problems such as changing market demand. The change of market demand, in turn, stimulates the production mode of production to seek a new breakthrough, thus the multi-variety and small-batch production mode emerges as the times require. It strives to maintain the efficiency of the traditional mass production at the same time. Able to effectively respond to the variety of market demand and the variability of demand. At present, there are two main ways to realize multi-variety and small batch production, one is to adopt mixed production line, the other is to adopt unit production mode (it is another important mode of production after large-scale assembly line). It is mainly used in assembly manufacturing in discrete manufacturing enterprises. In view of the above problems, this paper mainly discusses the characteristics of the unit production mode and its advantages in dealing with the demand pattern of multi-variety and small batch products in discrete manufacturing enterprises. The balance problem of assembly line is a kind of production management problem which comes into being with the appearance of assembly line, and it is expanded with the continuous evolution of assembly line. Under the unit mode of production, the problem of assembly line balance also has a certain uniqueness. According to these characteristics and the basis of previous research, this paper presents a mathematical model of assembly line balance optimization based on fuzzy optimization theory, which is solved by means of Lingo. Another way to realize the balance of assembly line is to continuously break the balance state of the existing assembly line by means of industrial engineering, in order to find a better balance state. Its form of expression is to seek more optimization of the goal by constantly improving the relationship between the job unit itself and the job unit. Here, this paper also gives a detailed theoretical explanation. For how to apply the mathematical optimization model and industrial engineering technique to realize the assembly line balance under the unit production mode, and the continuous improvement of the obtained equilibrium state, In this paper, with the help of an assembly workshop of urban rail transit communication equipment manufacturing industry as the research object, the thesis is proved in detail. Finally, this paper not only proves the effectiveness of cell production method in dealing with the multi-variety and small batch demand pattern of discrete manufacturing enterprises, but also puts forward an effective method to achieve the balance of assembly line and to continuously improve it.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB497
本文编号：2469625
[Abstract]:Adam Smith's theory of division of labor and the accompanying Ford assembly line production have dominated the industrialization of the world for nearly 100 years. The transformation of this mode of production not only promotes the development of the world economy, but also brings about a great change in the mode of market demand. The dominant power of the market has been transferred from the producer to the consumer. What enterprises are facing is no longer the problem of insufficient production capacity, but how to improve the flexibility of production, shorten the production cycle and respond flexibly to various complex problems such as changing market demand. The change of market demand, in turn, stimulates the production mode of production to seek a new breakthrough, thus the multi-variety and small-batch production mode emerges as the times require. It strives to maintain the efficiency of the traditional mass production at the same time. Able to effectively respond to the variety of market demand and the variability of demand. At present, there are two main ways to realize multi-variety and small batch production, one is to adopt mixed production line, the other is to adopt unit production mode (it is another important mode of production after large-scale assembly line). It is mainly used in assembly manufacturing in discrete manufacturing enterprises. In view of the above problems, this paper mainly discusses the characteristics of the unit production mode and its advantages in dealing with the demand pattern of multi-variety and small batch products in discrete manufacturing enterprises. The balance problem of assembly line is a kind of production management problem which comes into being with the appearance of assembly line, and it is expanded with the continuous evolution of assembly line. Under the unit mode of production, the problem of assembly line balance also has a certain uniqueness. According to these characteristics and the basis of previous research, this paper presents a mathematical model of assembly line balance optimization based on fuzzy optimization theory, which is solved by means of Lingo. Another way to realize the balance of assembly line is to continuously break the balance state of the existing assembly line by means of industrial engineering, in order to find a better balance state. Its form of expression is to seek more optimization of the goal by constantly improving the relationship between the job unit itself and the job unit. Here, this paper also gives a detailed theoretical explanation. For how to apply the mathematical optimization model and industrial engineering technique to realize the assembly line balance under the unit production mode, and the continuous improvement of the obtained equilibrium state, In this paper, with the help of an assembly workshop of urban rail transit communication equipment manufacturing industry as the research object, the thesis is proved in detail. Finally, this paper not only proves the effectiveness of cell production method in dealing with the multi-variety and small batch demand pattern of discrete manufacturing enterprises, but also puts forward an effective method to achieve the balance of assembly line and to continuously improve it.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB497
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