集团公司共享库存系统的设计与优化

发布时间：2018-02-25 05:23

  本文关键词： 集中库存 共享库存 转移定价 Stackelberg博弈　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在任何一种商业组织中,库存管理都是一项极为重要的运营管理活动。商业组织持有一定数量存货,其主要目的是保证生产与销售的连续性,降低因缺货造成的"停滞"风险。这对及时满足客户需求,保持客户忠诚度具有重要意义。另一方面,持有存货意味着占用组织大量的资源,产生各种相关的成本。"库存既是天使又是魔鬼",因此不断改进和优化库存管理始终是一个热点的研究课题。本文考虑到集团公司的协同效应与规模效应,选择集团公司作为库存管理的研究背景,在回顾历史文献与相关理论的基础上运用了共享库存的相关理论,设计了一个两层次的集团公司共享库存系统,即结合了母公司的集中库存管理与子公司的共享库存管理。本文首先运用了数理分析的方法,比较了分散库存管理与集中库存管理模式下的安全库存,研究发现只要不同库存单元的客户需求不是完全的正相关,那么集中库存管理就能降低安全库存,从而降低库存成本。集中库存管理虽然能够降低安全库存,但也存在一些副作用,其主要缺点是延长了客户获得商品和服务的等待时间,从而影响客户服务水平。在此基础上本文讨论了适合于采用集中库存管理的存货类型并给出了一些管理建议。本文重点研究了子公司共享库存交易机制,首先讨论了子公司共享库存所涉及的转移定价制度,详细分析了各种转移定价制度的适用范围及其优缺点。接着本文运用了博弈论的有关理论,建立了一个关于子公司共享库存交易行为的Stackelberg博弈模型。利用二层规划方法的研究思路,通过混沌搜索优化算法分别求其在合作博弈与非合作博弈下均衡解。研究发现在子公司选择合作策略的情况下相比子公司选择非合作策略的情况,集团整体可以获得更多的利润。但在没有外部干预的情况下子公司会因为追求自身利益缺乏选择合作策略的动力。因此,母公司应该积极引导子公司的共享库存交易行为,制定适当的交易准则和必要的奖惩措施,以提高集团整体利益。在多角度研究本文设计的集团公司共享库存系统的基础上,本文给出了一些建立集团公司共享库存系统的管理建议,包括集中采购、运输网络、财务制度、库存管理信息共享系统以及组织架构设计等内容。最后总结说明了本文的研究结论与创新性,研究局限与未来的研究方向。
[Abstract]:In any commercial organization, inventory management is an extremely important operational management activity. Commercial organizations hold a certain amount of inventory, the main purpose of which is to ensure the continuity of production and sales. Reduce the risk of "stagnation" due to stock-outs. This is important for meeting customer needs and maintaining customer loyalty in a timely manner. On the other hand, holding inventories means taking up a lot of the organization's resources, Inventory is both an angel and a devil, so it is always a hot research topic to improve and optimize inventory management. Select group company as the research background of inventory management, apply the theory of shared inventory on the basis of reviewing historical documents and related theories, and design a two-level shared inventory system of group company. That is, combining the centralized inventory management of the parent company with the shared inventory management of the subsidiary company. Firstly, this paper uses the mathematical analysis method to compare the safety inventory under the decentralized inventory management and the centralized inventory management mode. The study found that as long as customer demand of different inventory units is not completely positive correlation, centralized inventory management can reduce the safety inventory and thus reduce the inventory cost. But there are also some side effects, the main drawback of which is the longer waiting time for customers to obtain goods and services. On the basis of this, this paper discusses the inventory types suitable for centralized inventory management and gives some management suggestions. First of all, the transfer pricing system involved in the shared inventory of subsidiaries is discussed, and the applicable scope, advantages and disadvantages of various transfer pricing systems are analyzed in detail, and then the relevant theories of game theory are used in this paper. In this paper, a Stackelberg game model about the trading behavior of subsidiaries' shared inventory is established. The chaotic search optimization algorithm is used to find the equilibrium solution under cooperative game and non-cooperative game respectively. It is found that when the subsidiary chooses the cooperative strategy compared with the subsidiary choosing the non-cooperative strategy. The group as a whole can make more profits. But without external interference, the subsidiary will lack the incentive to choose the cooperation strategy because of pursuing its own interests. Therefore, the parent company should actively guide the share inventory trading behavior of the subsidiary. To develop appropriate transaction guidelines and necessary incentives and penalties to improve the overall interests of the group. On the basis of the multi-angle study of the shared inventory system of the group company designed in this paper, This paper gives some management suggestions for establishing shared inventory system for group companies, including centralized purchasing, transportation network, financial system, etc. Inventory management information sharing system and organizational structure design. Finally, the conclusion and innovation of this paper, research limitations and future research direction are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O227;F274
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本文编号：1533175