两级再制造S-M闭环供应链的定价决策分析

发布时间：2018-02-28 22:03

本文关键词： 再制造两级再制造 S-M闭环供应链定价决策　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球经济经历了快速的发展,但同时也留下了许多后遗症,其中以资源危机和环境污染问题尤为严重。在这种背景下,发达国家提出了循环经济理论、可持续发展政策以及生产者责任延伸制度,由此闭环供应链的概念应运而生。在中国面临着更加严峻的资源紧缺和环境污染方面的压力,因此也在向世界发达国家靠拢,在各级政府推动下实施循环经济、可持续发展的政策方针,并针对一些关注行业制定了回收处理的政策,另外随着企业责任意识的加强,企业也在积极开展回收再制造战略,在社会中树立良好的企业形象,同时也能从再制造获取可观的经济效益。闭环供应链是由正向供应链和逆向供应链共同组成,根据回收目的的不同分为：基于维修的闭环供应链、基于再循环的闭环供应链、基于再利用的闭环供应链、基于再制造的闭环供应链。逆向供应链的加入影响到正向供应链中的库存资源、物流资源、制造资源的配置,也会影响到供应链利益的分配、定价决策等问题,因此闭环供应链成为学者研究的重点。定价决策也是闭环供应链中的研究热点之一本文主要是在闭环供应链的概念基础上提出了两级再制造的概念——制造商的产品再制造和供应商的零部件再制造,并且意识到闭环供应链的定价决策研究中涉及供应商的较少,但现实中制造商的产品回收再制造战略会对供应商的零部件供应决策产生影响,因此,供应商是再制造战略研究中不可忽视的决策主体之一为了探讨产品和零部件的两级再制造战略对供应商和零售商的定价决策及收益的影响,本文运用Stackelberg博弈,对供应商强势背景下供应商选择参与和选择不参与零部件的回收再制造的两种Supplier-Manufacturer闭环供应链模型进行了研究,并对两种情形下的定价决策与收益进行了对比分析。最后得出以下结论：再制造战略对批发价决策的影响与产品的市场需求状况有关,对零售价决策的影响与回收风险状况有关；供应商应积极参与两级再制造战略,因为供应商选择供应可再制造的零部件使自身受益,并且参与零部件的回收再制造可以在降低批发价和零售价的基础上使双方受益。最后,运用数值算例验证了本文的研究结论,丰富了再制造战略对定价决策及收益影响的研究成果。
[Abstract]:The global economy has experienced rapid development, but at the same time it has left many sequelae, especially the problem of resource crisis and environmental pollution. In this context, the developed countries put forward the theory of circular economy. The concept of closed-loop supply chain emerges as the times require because of the policy of sustainable development and the extended system of producer responsibility. In China, the pressure of resource shortage and environmental pollution is even more severe, so it is also moving closer to the developed countries in the world. Under the push of governments at all levels to implement the policy of recycling economy and sustainable development, and to formulate policies on recycling and treatment for some concerned industries. In addition, with the strengthening of corporate responsibility awareness, enterprises are also actively carrying out recycling and remanufacturing strategies. Set up a good corporate image in the society, but also can obtain considerable economic benefits from re-manufacturing. Closed-loop supply chain is composed of forward supply chain and reverse supply chain. According to the different purpose of recovery, closed-loop supply chain based on maintenance, closed-loop supply chain based on recirculation, closed-loop supply chain based on reuse is divided into three parts. Closed-loop supply chain based on remanufacturing. The joining of reverse supply chain affects inventory resources, logistics resources and manufacturing resources allocation in forward supply chain, and also affects the distribution of supply chain benefits, pricing decision and so on. Therefore, closed-loop supply chain has become the focus of scholars' research. Pricing decision is also one of the research hotspots in closed-loop supply chain. Based on the concept of closed-loop supply chain, this paper puts forward the concept of two-stage remanufacture, which is product remanufacture of manufacturer and parts remanufacture of supplier. And it is realized that there are few suppliers involved in the pricing decision of closed-loop supply chain, but in reality, the manufacturer's product recovery and remanufacturing strategy will have an impact on the supplier's component supply decision. Supplier is one of the decision makers that can not be ignored in the research of remanufacturing strategy. In order to study the influence of two-level remanufacturing strategy of products and parts on the pricing decision and profit of suppliers and retailers, this paper applies Stackelberg game. This paper studies two Supplier-Manufacturer closed-loop supply chain models in which suppliers choose to participate in and choose not to participate in the recovery and remanufacturing of parts under the strong background of suppliers. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the influence of remanufacturing strategy on wholesale price decision is related to the market demand of products. The impact on retail price decisions is related to the recovery risk profile; suppliers should be actively involved in the two-tier remanufacturing strategy, as suppliers benefit from the selection of components that can be remanufactured. And participating in the recovery and remanufacturing of parts can benefit both sides on the basis of reducing the wholesale and retail prices. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the conclusion of this paper. It enriches the research results of the influence of remanufacturing strategy on pricing decision and income.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F713.2;F274

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