基于报童模型的易逝品供应链回购合同研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 13:19

本文选题：易逝品　切入点：销售努力　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：受经济的全球化、产品的多样化、信息科技技术的迅速发展以及消费者的需求向个性化、多样化和及时化方向转变的影响,使得企业之间对产品市场份额的竞争愈演愈烈,细究当前的商品市场,由于科学技术的进步以及以买方为主导的市场特征日渐明显,导致当下产品市场上的易逝品类产品越来越普遍。因此,将易逝品类产品作为一类专门的研究对象,从供应链的协调合作角度出发,建立有效于易逝品供应链的协调机制,这对于优化易逝品的产销计划,提高系统的整体利润,实现供应链上的多方共赢,具有十分重要的理论指导意义和实践价值作用。供应链中各个参与成员企业将怎样更加有效地对供应链进行整合,以使其及其所处于的整个供应链系统的效益达到最优的状态,便成为了当下这个时代学术界和实务界进行重点研究的方向。鉴于在实际当中的运作,经过探索以前的理论研究与实践的运作成果,证明了供应链合同是实现供应链协调的有效方法之一。设置合理的合同参数(如销售价格、批发价格、回购价格、订货量等)可以实现对供应链系统有效协调的目的,以使得整个供应链上的收益达到最优化。相关的具有普遍性的供应链合同主要包括批发价格合同、收益共享合同、数量弹性合同和回购合同,其他形式的合同都是以这四种合同为基础的组合形式。这些合同形式均有各自的适应性及特点,在企业中被广泛使用。本文是针对易逝品的本质特点,考虑了需求不确定为当今市场的突出特征这一背景下,研究了供应链协调机制中的回购合同对易逝品供应链所产生的协调性作用。本文首先概述了供应链回购合同的研究现状,在此系统地阐述了该理论涉及到的供应链、供应链合同、供应链协调以及报童模型等相关理论。接下来以报童模型为基础,加入市场需求是否确定、残值、缺货成本、回收价格、批发价格等因素,建立了对易逝品类产品基于报童模型的供应链回购模型。鉴于易逝品的特性,从理论上,本文的回购合同模型构成只包含一个供应商和一个零售商组成的单周期两级供应链,并对该单周期两级供应链结构进行了深入的论证与研究。通过建立未采用回购合同模型和采用回购合同模型来进行对比论证,理论证明了引入回购合同的模型可以使供应商的收益、零售商的收益以及整个供应链系统的收益达到最优化的协调状态。然后通过设计具体的实际案例,代入具体数值证明了在产品的市场需求处于不确定的环境下,合理的回购合同设计能够实现供应链的整体收益最优,并且使得供应链中的供应商和零售商达到“双赢”的预期结果。结合实际的具体情况,论文的最后考虑了销售努力因素对回购合同协调的随机需求模型的影响,并得出了相关的模型结论。基于对单周期二级供应链的研究,案例的设计方向定位在了中国的直销行业。随着中国政府颁布的直销行业相关政策的出台,直销模式逐渐得到国人的认可并且直销行业在中国的发展如日中天。而直销模式正是本文所研究的二级供应链模式,因此,案例的选择聚焦在了中国直销行业的巨头——安利(中国)日用品有限公司。通过具有具体实体品作为依托的案例验证分析,进一步论证了模型的结论。
[Abstract]:Under the economic globalization, product diversification, the rapid development of information technology and consumer demand to personalized, diversified and timely change the influence of market share among enterprises becomes fiercer competition, a current commodity market, due to the progress of science and technology and market characteristics of buyer dominated gradually. Led to the current products on the market of perishable product category is becoming more and more common. Therefore, the perishable product category as a kind of special research object, from the perspective of the coordination of the supply chain, to establish an effective coordination mechanism in supply chain of perishable goods, for the optimization of perishable goods production and marketing plan, improve the overall profit of the system, to achieve a multi a win-win situation in the supply chain, has the value of very important theoretical significance and practice.
In each of the participating members of the supply chain enterprises will be how to more effectively on the supply chain integration, and to make it in the whole supply chain's benefit to achieve optimal state, has become the era of academic and practical circles focus on the direction. In view of actual operation, through theoretical research and Practice and exploration of the previous operation results, proved that the supply chain contract is one of the effective methods to achieve supply chain coordination. Setting reasonable parameters of the contract (such as sales price, wholesale price, repurchase price, order quantity, etc.) can be achieved on the effective coordination of supply chain system, to make the whole supply chain revenue reached optimization. The universal supply chain contract mainly includes the wholesale price contract, revenue sharing contract, quantity flexibility contract and buyback contract, other forms of cooperation are based on the same The combination of four types of contracts, which have their own adaptability and characteristics, are widely used in the enterprise.
This paper is based on the essential characteristics of perishable goods, the demand uncertainty is the prominent feature of today's market background, studied the coordination mechanism of supply chain coordination in the buyback contract of perishable goods supply chain. This paper outlines the current research status of supply chain buyback contract, then systematically expounded this theory relates to the supply chain, supply chain contract, supply chain coordination theory and newsvendor model. Next to the newsboy model, with market demand determine whether the residual value, shortage cost, recycling price, wholesale price and other factors, established on perishable products supply chain buyback category model based on the newsboy model. In view of the characteristics of perishable goods, from the theoretical model of this paper, the buyback contract form contains only one supplier and one retailer single cycle two echelon supply chain, and the single cycle two The structure of the supply chain has been demonstrated and studied deeply. Through the establishment of the buyback contract model and the buyback contract model to compare the theoretical proof, prove that the introduction of buyback contract model can make the revenue of suppliers, retailers' income and income of the whole supply chain system to achieve the coordination of state optimization. Then through actual case design specifically, by specific numerical proved in the product market demand uncertainty, overall revenue optimal buyback contract can achieve the reasonable design of the supply chain and the supply chain of suppliers and retailers to achieve "win-win results". With the actual situation, the final consideration stochastic demand model sales effort factors on buyback contract coordination model, and draw conclusions.
Research on two level supply chain based on single cycle design, orientation in the case of the direct selling industry. With the Chinese Chinese government issued direct selling industry related policies, marketing mode gradually recognized by the people and the development of the direct selling industry in China. The direct model is very influential mode, the two level supply chain the study therefore chose to focus on the case of Chinese direct selling industry giants - Amway (Chinese) Commodity Co. Ltd.. By having a specific entity as relying on the case to verify the analysis, and further demonstrates the model's conclusions.

【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274;F224

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