救灾物资供应网络解构及结构优化模型

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:51

本文选题：救灾物资供应网络　切入点：网络解构　出处：《中国管理科学》2017年01期

【摘要】：本文依据采购-储存-运输三点决策过程,将现实中复杂的救灾物资供应网络解构为8类直线型物资供应链。构建了以最小化社会损失为首要目标的救灾物资供应网络的结构优化模型,该模型可在救灾行动绩效不降低的情况下,给出最优的最低成本物资供应链组合,或在成本不增加的情况下,得到最优的最大救灾行动绩效物资供应链组合。以5.30盈江地震为对象,利用真实数据对优化模型进行了验证,并在此基础上对不同情境下的优化结果进行了对比分析。研究发现,物资类型和地区类型变化会改变救灾物资供应网络的最优结构,但物资需求量的变化并不会显著改变救灾物资供应网络的最优结构,而只影响供应链的增减和物资承载量的增减。本研究厘清了救灾物资供应网络的构成和流程,为进一步优化奠定了基础,所提出的优化模型既可用于应急条件下救灾物资供应网络的即时构建,又可为和平时期救灾物资储备体系的建设提供方向性指导。
[Abstract]:On the basis of purchasing - storage - transport three decision process, will supply network of relief supplies in reality complex divided into 8 linear supply chain. The building structure optimization model of supply network of relief supplies to minimize the social loss as the primary goal, this model can reduce the disaster relief action performance case the optimal minimum cost of supply chain portfolio, or in the case of not increasing the cost, the optimal maximum relief operation performance of supply chain. In the 5.30 Yingjiang earthquake as the research object, the optimization model is verified through the use of real data, and on the basis of the optimization of different situations are compared research found that change material types and regions will change the structure of the optimal supply of relief materials of the network, but the change of material demand will not significantly change relief supplies network The optimal structure, but only affects the supply chain design and material carrying capacity changes. This study clarifies the Constitution and the flow of relief supplies of the supply network, which lays a foundation for the further optimization, the proposed optimization model can be used for emergency relief supplies network under the condition of instant construction, but also can provide directional guidance for the construction of peacetime reserve system of relief supplies.

【作者单位】：中国科学技术大学管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71110107024，71301154，71671169)
【分类号】：F274;D632.5

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