大型网上零售企业配送网络节点布局优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 01:38

本文选题：网络零售　切入点：配送网络　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于网络零售相对于传统零售独特的优势,使其近年来在我国得到了快速的发展,并不断改变着人们的生活方式,但物流配送却成为了限制其健康发展的最大症结。出于我国第三方物流业发展相对滞后、企业物流为先的战略考虑等原因,不少资金实力允许的大型网上零售企业选择以自建物流的方式来完成配送作业,但同时,自建物流的高昂成本以及最后一公里配送难等问题给企业经营带来了很大压力。针对配送面临的种种问题,作为整个配送网络优化基础的节点布局成了企业应该首先解决的问题。本文通过对网络零售配送现状的分析,总结了不同类型的大型网上零售企业配送网络的结构特点以及现有节点布局面临的问题,结合配送网络优化理论,提出了基于供应商、区域物流中心、城市配送中心和自提点四级设施的配送网络优化结构。在自提点的优化方面,结合交通行为和便利店选址研究,确定了自提点的合理辐射半径,并进一步提出了自提点的选址方法和调整参考标准。对于配送节点(区域物流中心、城市配送中心),构建了以综合配送成本最小为目标的LARP模型,并设计了基于自适应遗传的启发式算法对模型进行求解。通过构建的配送网络节点布局优化方法,针对某大型网上零售企业的具体案例,给出了该企业在一定区域内自提点的布局优化方案,以及成都地区配送节点的布局优化方案。研究表明,本文提出的大型网上零售企业配送网络节点布局优化模型能够反映由大型网上零售企业主导的整个零售供应链过程,具有较好的实用性,求解算法具有较好的收敛性和有效性,能够为大型网上零售企业配送节点布局优化提供辅助决策支持,具有一定理论及现实意义。优化模型采用分解式的方法简单有效,却忽略了两个子问题相互影响和制约的整体性,存在一定的局限性,本文构建的节点布局优化模型仅仅以综合配送成本最小为目标,没有考虑配送时间窗以及仓储成本等对配送节点布局优化的影响,研究有待针对以上问题进行深入和扩展。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique advantages over traditional retailing, online retail has developed rapidly in China in recent years, and has been changing people's way of life. However, logistics distribution has become the biggest sticking point of restricting its healthy development. Many large online retail enterprises that have the financial strength to choose to complete distribution operations in the form of self-built logistics, but at the same time, The high cost of self-built logistics and the difficulty of distribution in the last kilometer bring great pressure to the enterprise management. As the basis of distribution network optimization, node layout becomes the first problem that enterprises should solve. Based on the analysis of the present situation of online retail distribution, this paper summarizes the structural characteristics of different types of large-scale online retail enterprises distribution network and the problems faced by the existing node layout. Combined with the theory of distribution network optimization, this paper proposes a supplier based distribution network. The distribution network optimization structure of regional logistics center, urban distribution center and self-elevating point four-level facility. In the aspect of self-lifting point optimization, combining with traffic behavior and convenience store location research, the reasonable radiation radius of self-lifting point is determined. Furthermore, this paper puts forward the method of location selection and the adjustment reference standard. For the distribution node (regional logistics center, urban distribution center), a LARP model aiming at the minimum cost of integrated distribution is constructed. A heuristic algorithm based on adaptive genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. The layout optimization scheme of the enterprise in a certain area and the layout optimization scheme of the distribution node in Chengdu area are given. The research shows that the model of distribution node layout optimization proposed in this paper can reflect the whole retail supply chain process, which is dominated by large online retail enterprises, and has good practicability. The algorithm has good convergence and effectiveness, and can provide auxiliary decision support for distribution node layout optimization of large online retail enterprises, which has certain theoretical and practical significance. The optimization model is simple and effective by using decomposition method. However, the integrity of the interaction and restriction between the two sub-problems is ignored, and there are some limitations. The node layout optimization model constructed in this paper only aims at minimizing the cost of integrated distribution. The effect of distribution time window and storage cost on the distribution node layout optimization is not considered.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F252

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