基于多智能体理论的汽车逆向物流库存控制理论与方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 03:40

本文选题：逆向物流 + 库存控制　；参考：《江苏大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：汽车回收是一个很大的产业,资源潜力巨大,经济效益显著。加强废旧汽车的回收利用,可以实现资源的循环利用,推动汽车行业的可持续发展。我国的汽车保有量和报废汽车数量都在逐年增加,因此,实施和加强汽车逆向物流对于我国来说具有重要的战略意义。在汽车逆向物流研究领域中,库存控制是其重要的研究内容之一,良好的库存控制可以加快企业资金使用效率、周转速度、增加投资收益,可以提高逆向物流系统的效率、增强企业的竞争力。然而,汽车逆向物流库存控制系统是一个复杂的非线性时变系统,具有复杂系统的不确定性、动态性、数据量庞大等特点。针对这一复杂系统,本文引入多智能体理论(MAS),对汽车逆向物流库存控制问题进行研究。多智能体系统是一种崭新且应用前景广阔的研究方法,是更接近自然界本身解题方式的研究方法,具有良好的鲁棒性和灵活性,非常适合处理知识、数据、资源、控制分布的问题。多智能体系统强调分布式自主决策,强调各个Agent之间协作解决问题的能力,这些特点正好契合于汽车逆向物流库存控制在实际运行中所表现出来的动态性、自治性、分布性、弱耦合性等特征。本文首先研究了逆向物流、库存控制以及逆向物流中库存控制等理论,在此基础上,分析了汽车逆向物流的内容、参与主体和逆向物流网络以及汽车逆向物流库存控制系统的特点、要素和不确定因素,论述了汽车逆向物流和汽车逆向物流库存控制系统的复杂性,为基于多智能体理论的汽车逆向物流库存控制研究提供依据。其次,从整个供应链的角度进行逆向物流库存控制的分析和研究,包含供应商、制造商、销售商、回收中心等环节。针对以汽车制造商为中心的供应链多级库存控制问题,提出并建立了汽车逆向物流多级库存控制模型,对可销售产品库存主导的控制模型和回收产品库存主导的控制模型分别建立了汽车逆向物流定期检查处理和定量检查处理的库存控制模型。第三,对Agent技术和多智能体理论进行了详细分析研究,在此基础上,建立了基于多智能体理论的汽车逆向物流库存控制系统模型,并对各Agent进行角色划分,使其更加适合汽车逆向物流库存控制系统,同时,对Agent间的通信和协作方法进行了研究,提出了适合汽车逆向物流库存控制系统的Agent间的通信方式和通信机制,以及Agent间的协作方法。第四,针对某汽车发动机制造企业为中心的逆向物流供应链库存实际进行了实证研究,对库存控制分别进行了建模、仿真计算、灵敏度分析和协作性分析。仿真结果证明了所建立的两种库存控制模型和所采用的基于多智能体理论的库存控制能有效降低汽车逆向物流库存成本。灵敏度分析证明了产品的回收率和回收产品的可再制造率对制造商和回收中心的生产和库存都有很大的影响,提高产品回收率和回收产品的再制造率在一定程度上可以减少逆向物流的库存成本。对两种库存控制模型的协作性分析结果是：各成员企业间存在协作与不存在协作和仅仅制造商和回收中心间存在协作相比,总库存成本分别减少了9.8%和6.5%,12.4%和6.5%。协作性分析证明了通过协调供应链上各成员企业间的库存控制策略可以使整个供应链库存控制达到协调性和一致性,从而降低供应链的库存成本。第五,针对汽车逆向物流库存控制系统,本文提出并建立了相应的绩效评价体系和绩效评价方法,对汽车逆向物流库存控制系统运作所产生的效果进行度量和评价,对汽车逆向物流供应链的整体运行绩效以及各成员企业间的合作关系做出评价,以判断汽车逆向物流库存控制的运作绩效,为寻求更有效的库存控制方式提供评价依据。最后,从制造商、回收中心和回收商,以及整个物流系统考虑,针对如何降低逆向物流系统的库存成本,提出了控制库存成本、提高库存协调性的策略。本文主要是针对汽车逆向物流库存控制问题进行研究,创新引入了多智能体理论,提出了基于多智能体理论的汽车逆向物流库存控制理论和方法,力求达到优化库存成本,避免需求损失和利润损失,更好地管理整个逆向物流系统,促进资源循环利用的目的。论文针对某汽车发动机制造企业为中心的逆向物流供应链库存实际,进行了实证分析,为我国汽车逆向物流库存控制提供了理论基础与技术保障。
[Abstract]:Auto recycling is a big industry, huge potential resources, significant economic benefits. To strengthen the recycling of waste recycling use of the car, can realize the resources, promote the sustainable development of the automotive industry. China's car ownership and the number of automobiles are increasing year by year, therefore, to implement and strengthen the automobile reverse logistics has strategic significance important for our country.
In the research field of automobile reverse logistics, inventory control is one of the important research content, good inventory control can accelerate the efficiency of enterprise capital turnover rate, increase the investment income, can improve the efficiency of reverse logistics system, and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. However, the automobile reverse logistics inventory control system is a complex nonlinear time-varying system, complicated systems with uncertainty, dynamic, large volume of data and so on. In view of this complex system, this paper introduces multi-agent theory (MAS), on the automobile reverse logistics inventory control problem is studied. The multi-agent system is a new research method and broad application prospect, research the method is more close to the nature problem solving method, has good robustness and flexibility, very suitable for processing knowledge, data, resources, distribution control problem of multi-agent system strong. Distributed autonomous decision making emphasizes the ability of Agent to solve problems cooperatively, which coincided with the characteristics of vehicle reverse logistics, such as dynamics, autonomy, distribution and weak coupling.
This paper studies the reverse logistics, inventory control and inventory control in reverse logistics theory, based on the analysis of the automobile reverse logistics in the main content, characteristics and the reverse logistics network and the automobile reverse logistics inventory control system, factors and uncertain factors, discusses the complexity of automobile reverse logistics and reverse logistics inventory control the system, for the multi-agent theory of automobile reverse logistics inventory control study provides the basis based on.
Secondly, analyze and research the reverse logistics inventory control from the point of the supply chain including suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, recycling center link. According to automobile manufacturers as the center of the problem of multi echelon inventory control of supply chain, put forward and established a multi echelon inventory control model of automobile reverse logistics, the sales of products inventory LED control the recovery model and product inventory control model were established leading automobile reverse logistics check processing and quantitative check processing model of inventory control.
Third, the Agent technology and the multi-agent theory are studied in detail, on this basis, the establishment of automobile reverse logistics inventory control system model based on multi agent theory, and the division of roles of the Agent, making it more suitable for the automobile reverse logistics inventory control system, at the same time, the method of communication and collaboration Agent the study proposes a communication mode control system for automobile reverse logistics inventory between the Agent and Agent communication mechanism, and the cooperation method.
Fourth, according to the reverse logistics supply chain inventory in an automobile engine manufacturing enterprise as the center of the empirical research, the inventory control are modeled respectively, simulation analysis, sensitivity analysis and collaboration. The simulation results prove that the two kinds of inventory control model and multi-agent theory of inventory control can effectively reduce the car reverse logistics inventory cost based on the sensitivity analysis. Prove that the product recovery and recycling products can have a great impact on the rate of re manufacturing and recycling center manufacturer production and remanufacturing inventory, provided high rate of product recovery and recycling products in a certain extent can reduce the reverse logistics inventory cost. The two kind of collaborative analysis model of inventory control is the result: there does not exist cooperation and collaboration with the only manufacturer and the recycling center among member enterprises In collaboration, the total inventory cost were reduced by 9.8% and 6.5%, 12.4% and 6.5%. collaboration proved by each member enterprise inventory control strategy for the coordination of the supply chain can make the whole supply chain inventory control to achieve coordination and consistency, so as to reduce supply chain inventory cost.
Fifth, the automobile reverse logistics inventory control system, this paper puts forward and establishes a performance evaluation system and the method of performance evaluation, measurement and evaluation of automobile reverse logistics inventory control system for operation of the effect, make an overall evaluation on the operation performance of the automobile reverse logistics supply chain and the members of the cooperation between enterprises, to the judgment of automobile reverse logistics inventory control performance, to provide a basis for evaluation for inventory control more effective.
Finally, from the perspective of manufacturers, recycling centers and recyclers, and the whole logistics system, how to reduce the inventory cost of reverse logistics system is put forward, and a strategy for controlling inventory cost and improving inventory coordination is put forward.
This paper is mainly for the automobile reverse logistics inventory control problem of innovation to the multi-agent theory, put forward the automobile reverse logistics inventory control theory and method based on multi agent theory, and strive to optimize the inventory cost, avoid demand loss and profit loss, better management of the reverse logistics system, to promote recycling of resources the use of a car engine. The thesis focuses on the manufacturing enterprise as the center of the reverse logistics supply chain inventory, by empirical analysis, and provides a theoretical basis and technical support for China's automobile reverse logistics inventory control.

【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F253;X734.2

【参考文献】