基于可靠性的制造型质量链失效分析与风险评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 17:12

本文选题：可靠性 + 制造型质量链　；参考：《安徽工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：市场竞争归根到底是供应链之间的竞争。而在供应链的运作过程中,产品质量在很大程度上影响供应链的有效运作,于是便形成了一条以产品质量为中心的质量链。目前全球产品质量问题不断,如一系列的“毒奶粉”风波、“汽车召回”、“食品安全”问题事件等等,引起了世界范围内对产品质量的关注。如今,各个国家和地区都提出要高度重视产品质量和服务质量,并且正在纷纷努力寻找提高产品、服务质量和不断满足顾客期望要求的有效途径。质量链管理模式基于供应链的运作模式,目前仍处于发展的初级阶段。供应链中的质量管理仍是基于成员企业内部质量链管理,外部质量链管理是一种抛过墙式的管理,质量在成员企业间的传导与影响较少考虑。基于这种运作模式,一旦供应链上游的某个环节出现质量问题或者是某个环节出现偏差,那么很可能会导致下游环节出现严重的质量问题,最终会导致整条质量链的失效,形成质量链上的“反牛鞭效应”。质量链的失效会带来相应的供应链运作风险,因此质量链失效分析和风险研究也就成为供应链运作的一个关键问题。质量链中任何一方出现质量问题,均会导致整条质量链的崩溃。而一旦组织的质量链中断并且这种情况为公众所知,供应链中的核心企业及供应链各成员的声誉和经营业绩将会受到严重的影响。目前国内外学术界和实业界已开展了一些关于质量链的失效分析与风险评价方面的研究。关于失效分析的研究,较多的是借助于可靠性理论中的一些失效分析工具来对产品的失效模式及危害度的分析,基于危害度实施失效防范,近年来也拓展到供应链的失效分析中,且失效分析的研究突出产品功能的失效,较少涉及产品质量形成过程的失效。关于风险管理的研究,主要基于某一特定场景,从风险的构成、评价基础的预警及防范展开,尚未进一步针对不同失效模式所对应的风险不同来预警与防范。目前失效分析与风险管理的研究是孤立开来而单独进行,限制了改善作用的发挥,也是导致失效分析与风险管理缺乏有效性的根源。因为系统的某一失效模式会对应不同的风险等级。为此,为了更好的探讨制造型质量链风险产生的机理,本文将失效分析与风险评价两者相互结合起来进行研究,将核心制造企业为主导的制造型质量链为研究对象,首先识别制造型质量链的失效与风险因素,在进一步挖掘各失效因素的失效机理的基础上,应用可靠性工具FMEA并结合BOM思想构建起制造型质量链失效与风险一体化指标体系；其次在失效模式的基础上运用DEMATEL法对各失效模式及其失效因素进行风险分析,明确其风险等级,并探讨与RPN值之间的关系,通过对风险产生机理的研究来减少系统的失效模式,强调供应链中核心制造企业的产品失效及风险问题,得出了不同失效模式对应不同危害度和风险指数,基于风险的失效模式防范路径比基于危害的失效模式防范更符合运作实际的结论；最后,以一个案例说明该方法的运用。运用可靠性相关理论对制造型质量链失效模式分析的前提下进行风险等级的划分,为保证供应链上产品质量的稳定性提供一种新的思路。
[Abstract]:In the final analysis, market competition is the competition between supply chains. In the course of the operation of the supply chain, the quality of the product affects the effective operation of the supply chain to a great extent. Therefore, a quality chain centered on the product quality is formed. "Food safety" events, etc., have aroused worldwide attention to the quality of products. Nowadays, countries and regions have proposed to attach great importance to product quality and quality of service, and are trying to find effective ways to improve products, service quality and continuously meet the expectations of customers.
Based on the operation mode of supply chain, quality chain management mode is still in the primary stage of development. Quality management in supply chain is still based on internal quality chain management of member enterprises, and external quality chain management is a kind of throwing over wall management. Quality is less considered in the transmission and influence of member enterprises. Based on this operation mode, There is a quality problem in a certain link upstream of the denier supply chain, or there is a deviation in one link. Then it may lead to a serious quality problem in the lower link, which will eventually lead to the failure of the whole chain of mass and the "anti bullwhip effect" on the quality chain. Quantitative chain failure analysis and risk study also become a key problem in the operation of supply chain. The emergence of quality problems in any one of the quality chains will lead to the collapse of the whole quality chain. Once the organization's quality chain is interrupted and this is known to the public, the reputation and business of the core enterprises and the members of the supply chain in the supply chain The performance will be seriously affected.
At present, the academic and industrial circles at home and abroad have carried out a number of studies on the failure analysis and risk assessment of the quality chain. The research on failure analysis is mainly based on some failure analysis tools in the reliability theory to analyze the failure modes and hazards of the products and to implement the failure prevention based on the hazard degree in recent years. It also extends to the failure analysis of supply chain, and the study of failure analysis highlights the failure of product function, less involved in the failure of product quality formation process. Research on risk management is mainly based on a particular scene, from the composition of risk, the early warning and prevention of the evaluation basis, and has not yet been further aimed at different failure modes. The present study of failure analysis and risk management is isolated and carried out alone, which restricts the effect of improvement and is also the source of the lack of effectiveness in the failure analysis and risk management. In this paper, the mechanism of modeling quality chain risk is discussed. In this paper, the failure analysis and risk assessment are combined to study each other. The manufacturing quality chain which is the leading manufacturing enterprise is the research object. First, the failure and risk factors of the manufacturing quality chain are identified, and the failure mechanism of each failure factor is further excavated. Using the reliability tool FMEA and combining the BOM thought to construct the integration index system of the failure and risk integration of the quality chain, the risk analysis is carried out on the failure modes and their failure factors by using the DEMATEL method on the basis of the failure mode, and the risk level is clearly defined and the relationship between the RPN value and the mechanism of the risk is discussed. In order to reduce the failure mode of the system, it emphasizes the product failure and risk problems of the core manufacturing enterprises in the supply chain, and draws the conclusion that the different failure modes correspond to the different hazards and risk indices. The risk based failure mode prevention path is more operational than the hazard based failure mode. Finally, a case study is made. The application of the method is explained by using the reliability related theory to divide the risk grade on the premise of the analysis of the failure mode of the quality chain of the molding, so as to provide a new way of thinking to ensure the stability of the product quality on the supply chain.

【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.2

【参考文献】