带时间窗的多式联运运输优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 20:51

本文选题：多式联运 + 组合优化　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：在经济全球化不断加剧的今天，资源、产品、市场分布在全球各地，市场需求瞬息万变，竞争日益激烈，如何使物流业务中的所有成员和环节在整个流程上的业务运作衔接更加紧密，以便对这些成员和环节的业务处理过程中的信息进行高度集成，实现供应链的协同化运作，缩短供应链相对长度，使供应链上的物流业务更流畅、产出率更高，响应速度更快，更加接近客户的需求，已成为管理科学与工程中迫切需要解决的问题。多式联运作为一种重要的物流运输组织形式，已成为第四方物流企业提高竞争力，降低物流成本的有效措施。相对于单一的运输方式，多式联运可以提高效率，增强安全性和灵活性，同时满足货物承运人的要求。然而，与单一运输方式相比，由于多方参与，多式联运的管理决策更为复杂和困难，因此开展多式联运运输优化建模和算法研究具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。为此，本文在综述国内外第四方物流多式联运建模方法、优化算法和决策支持系统方面研究现状的基础上，研究了基于图状结构的多式联运优化模型，根据模型特点，提出了一种基于正交试验的混合田口遗传算法，通过算例验证模型和算法的有效性，最后基于层次分析法分析了多式联运决策支持系统。论文主要研究内容如下：首先，对第四方物流的概念进行了界定，阐述了第四方物流与多式联运的关系，分析了目前国内外多式联运在战略层、战术层以及运作层建模与求解算法的研究进展。重点对多式联运运作层在运输路径优化建模和求解算法方面进行了综述，指出了目前存在的问题。从承运人视角分析了对货物运输的要求，分析了影响多式联运建模的主要因素，讨论了多式联运组织形式对优化目标（运输成本、时间、碳排放量）的影响程度，采用多重边方法建立了多式联运优化模型。根据承运人的不同运输目标，分别建立了基于图状结构的带时间窗的多式联运及多代理人作业整合优化模型、考虑用户偏好的模糊时间窗多式联运模型、带时间窗的多式联运多目标优化模型、带时间窗的多式联运低碳运输优化模型。分析了多式联运优化模型特征,证明了带时间窗的多式联运优化问题是NP完全问题。从理论上证明了可以结合K最短路算法找到全局最优点。以K最短路算法为基础，结合多式联运运输的特点，利用遗传算法的并行搜索优点，提出利用正交试验，改进遗传算法，研究基于正交试验的多式联运求解的混合田口遗传算法。为了验证建立模型和提出算法的有效性，分别研究了在不同运输环境下，多式联运组织形式对优化目标（运输成本、时间、碳排放量）的影响，，分析了路径和运输方式对优化目标的影响。最后基于层次分析法，建立了综合考虑承运人运输成本、运输时间、运输质量三种因素综合影响下的多式联运决策分析方法，对中国东部地区的物流系统进行了模拟计算分析，为承运人最优决策提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:In today's economic globalization, resources, products and markets are distributed all over the world. Market demand is changing rapidly and competition is increasingly fierce. How to link all members and links in the logistics business more closely to the operation of the whole process so that the information in the business process of these members and links is higher. Degree integration, to realize the cooperative operation of supply chain, shorten the relative length of the supply chain, make the logistics business of the supply chain more fluent, higher output, faster response and closer to the demand of customers, has become an urgent problem to be solved in the management science and engineering. Multimodal transport is an important form of logistics transportation organization, which has been an important form of logistics transportation organization. It is an effective measure to improve the competitiveness of the fourth party logistics enterprises and reduce the cost of logistics. Relative to a single transport mode, multimodal transport can improve efficiency, enhance security and flexibility and meet the requirements of cargo carriers. However, the management decision of multimodal transport is more complex than a single mode of transport. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry out the optimization modeling and Algorithm Research of multimodal transport transportation. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the research status of the multi-modal transport modeling method, optimization algorithm and decision support system, this paper studies the multimodal transport optimization based on the graph structure. According to the characteristics of the model, a hybrid Taguchi genetic algorithm based on orthogonal test is proposed. The validity of the model and algorithm is verified by an example. Finally, the multimodal transport decision support system is analyzed based on the analytic hierarchy process. The main contents of the thesis are as follows:
First, it defines the concept of the fourth party logistics, expounds the relationship between the fourth party logistics and multimodal transport, and analyzes the progress of the research on the strategy layer, the tactical layer and the operation layer modeling and solving algorithms at home and abroad. The present problems are pointed out.
From the carrier's perspective, the requirements for freight transport are analyzed, the main factors affecting the multimodal transport modeling are analyzed, and the influence degree of the multimodal transport organization on the optimal target (transportation cost, time, carbon emissions) is discussed. The multimodal transport optimization model is established by using multiple boundary methods. The multimodal combined transport and multi agent integration optimization model with time window based on graph structure is established, and the multimodal combined transport model of fuzzy time window with user preference, multimodal multi-objective optimization model with time window and multi-modal transport optimization model with time window multimodal transport are established.
The characteristics of multimodal transport optimization model are analyzed. It is proved that the multimodal transport optimization problem with time window is a NP complete problem. It is proved theoretically that the global best advantage can be found in combination with the shortest path algorithm of K. Based on the K shortest path algorithm, combining the characteristics of multimodal transport transportation, using the advantages of the parallel search of the legacy algorithm, the orthogonal design is used to make use of the orthogonal design. A hybrid Taguchi genetic algorithm based on orthogonal test for multimodal transport is proposed.
In order to verify the validity of the model and the proposed algorithm, the influence of multimodal transport organization on the optimization target (transportation cost, time and carbon emissions) in different transportation environment is studied, and the influence of path and transportation mode on the optimization target is analyzed.
At last, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a multi modal combined transportation decision analysis method is established, which comprehensively considers the transport cost, transportation time and transport quality of the carrier. The logistics system in the eastern part of China is simulated and analyzed, which provides the theoretical basis for the optimal decision of the carrier.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F512.4

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