基于多代理的食品供应链安全监管策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 21:16

本文选题：食品供应链 + 多代理　；参考：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的进步,食品安全问题发生得越来越频繁,对人们的身体健康、社会的和谐与稳定造成严重的影响,成为全球普遍关注的问题。食品安全是一项庞大而复杂的系统工程,涉及领域非常广泛和深入。改善食品安全现状不仅仅需要建立健全食品安全监管体系、充分利用当前的信息技术、提高消费者的意识,更需要食品企业的共同的努力和积极的推进。本文运用多代理建模的方法,以“企业-供应链-政府”这一人工生态系统为对象,同时考虑消费者,设计了企业的生产决策模型和定价模型、政府的监管决策模型和消费者的消费决策模型。研究了价格策略与企业利润的关系、监管策略与监管效果和政府总成本的关系、掺假率与企业利润的关系、掺假率与政府总成本的关系和消费者消费行为及其效用的影响因素等问题,并针对这五类问题设计了基于多代理的计算实验,使用NetLogo软件对各组成部分进行仿真模拟。在计算实验的基础上,本文的结论如下：(1)影响政府监管力度的因素主要包括抽检频率、罚款额及政府的监管成本。政府应该科学的制定监管策略,设定合理的抽检频率及罚款额。政府的单位监管成本是制约着政府监管力度的一个重要的因素。(2)供应链上各企业基于自身上一期的收益情况、市场需求状况以及政府的监管力度,通过调整自身的价格策略,确定掺假与否来实现本期利润的最大化。供应链之间存在着竞争,进而导致柠檬市场的出现。(3)消费者根据效用最大化原理确定自己的真实需求,同时根据上一期的消费情况及政府对于消费者的权益的保护的力度调整自己的需求,做出购买决策。消费者本期的实际需求会进一步影响供应链上各企业的利润,而消费者的效用受到维权便利性的影响。最后,基于以上结论,本文提出了一套系统的食品安全监管策略包括：实施动态的监管策略、建立一个共享的信息平台、对食品供应链中的价格适当的干预、提高消费者的安全意识、优化消费者投诉维权机制以及完善监管体系提高监管效率。
[Abstract]:With the progress of the society, food safety issues occur more and more frequently, which have a serious impact on people's health, social harmony and stability, and become a global concern. Food safety is a huge and complex system engineering, involving a wide range of fields and depth. To improve the present situation of food safety, we should not only establish and perfect the food safety supervision system, make full use of the current information technology and raise the consumers' consciousness, but also need the joint efforts and positive promotion of food enterprises. In this paper, using the method of multi-agent modeling, taking the artificial ecosystem of "enterprise, supply chain and government" as the object, and considering the consumers, the production decision model and the pricing model of the enterprise are designed. The government's regulatory decision model and consumer's consumption decision model. The relationship between price strategy and enterprise profit, the relationship between regulatory strategy and regulatory effect and total government cost, and the relationship between adulteration rate and enterprise profit are studied. The relationship between adulteration rate and the total cost of government and the influence factors of consumer consumption behavior and its utility are discussed. In view of these five kinds of problems, the multi-agent computing experiment is designed, and the simulation of each component is carried out by using NetLogo software. On the basis of the calculation experiment, the conclusion of this paper is as follows: (1) the factors that affect the government supervision include the sampling frequency, the amount of fine and the supervision cost of the government. The Government should scientifically formulate regulatory strategies and set reasonable sampling frequency and fines. The unit supervision cost of the government is an important factor restricting the government supervision. 2) the enterprises in the supply chain adjust their own price strategy by adjusting their own price strategy, based on the income situation of their last period, the market demand condition and the government supervision. Determine whether adulterated or not to maximize the current profit. There is competition between supply chains, which leads to the emergence of lemon market.) consumers determine their real needs according to the principle of utility maximization. At the same time, according to the consumption of the previous period and the government's protection of consumers' rights and interests, adjust their own needs, and make purchase decisions. The actual demand of consumers in the current period will further affect the profits of enterprises in the supply chain, while the utility of consumers is affected by the convenience of activism. Finally, based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward a set of systematic food safety supervision strategies, including: to implement dynamic regulatory strategies, to establish a shared information platform, to appropriate price intervention in the food supply chain. Improve consumers' safety awareness, optimize consumer complaint rights protection mechanism and improve the regulatory system to improve the efficiency of supervision.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F203;F426.82

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