铁路建设中两级物流设施覆盖选址研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 08:49

本文选题：集合覆盖问题 + 物流节点　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国铁路、公路等交通线路建设高速发展,尤其是在高速铁路建设上取得了非凡而瞩目的成就。从《中长期铁路网络规划》[27]提出以来,我国的高速铁路网正处于重要建设时期,预计在2030年建成“八横八纵”高速铁路网。为了保证铁路建设项目高效率地实施,铁路工程管理中需要重视与加强物料的供应与保障工作。本文的研究目的是使用一种科学的方法来为铁路建设工程中的物流节点及其供应设施进行选址,从而降低物流成本,提高建设施工效率。铁路建设工程的物流节点需要向一个线状主体(交通线路)全线提供物流服务,其物流节点选址实际上是对为线状服务对象提供服务的设施进行选址。在大多数前人的研究中,设施选址模型通常将需求方看作离散的点,而在交通线路建设项目等情形下,需求沿交通线路分布,即需求在空间上呈线状,这类情形下的选址问题较少研究。本文采用了一种区别于经典设施选址模型的方法来刻画这种线状工程中的选址问题,建立满足线状需求下使设施个数最少的覆盖选址模型。铁路建设工程中,由供应设施到物流节点,再到在建铁路线,构成了一个三级供应链。本文还考虑了当物流节点的上级供应设施位置待确定的前提下,如何同时对物流节点和供应设施进行选址。论文研究了在满足线状需求前提下使物流节点个数和供应设施个数最少的选址方法,构建了基于集合覆盖问题的物流节点两级选址模型。论文使用启发式算法,设计了基于Voronoi图的删除法和基于覆盖圆的添加法两种算法,设计两种算法的计算步骤,并代入京沈高铁项目的相关数据进行计算和结果对比,分别比较了两种算法的特点以及优劣势。同时还研究了覆盖半径取值不同时对选址结果的影响,即关于物流节点覆盖半径的敏感性分析。论文对京沈高速铁路建设项目进行实证分析,研究高速铁路在修建过程中物流节点及其供应设施的选址特点,根据铁路在地图上的位置,使用Mercator投影拟合出了平面上的铁路曲线,然后根据铁路隧道、桥梁等的修建情况,交通便利程度等因素,选择适合的物流节点备选位置及其供应设施的备选位置,考虑了在基于集合覆盖问题的线状需求两级选址模型中,使用不同的算法进行求解,得出了京沈高速铁路在建设过程中的物流节点及其供应设施的最优选址方案,为京沈高速铁路的物流节点及其供应设施选址提供理论参考。并根据求解结果对比分析了两种算法求解的优劣势。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of railway, highway and other traffic lines in China has developed rapidly, especially in the construction of high-speed railway has made remarkable achievements. Since "medium and long term Railway Network Planning" [27] was put forward, China's high-speed railway network is in an important period of construction. It is expected to build "eight horizontal and eight vertical" high-speed railway network by 2030. In order to ensure the efficient implementation of railway construction projects, it is necessary to attach importance to and strengthen the supply and guarantee of materials in railway engineering management. The purpose of this paper is to use a scientific method to locate logistics nodes and their supply facilities in railway construction projects, thus reducing logistics costs and improving construction efficiency. The logistics node of railway construction project needs to provide logistics service to the whole line of a linear main body (traffic line). In fact, the location of logistics node of railway construction project is to locate the facilities that provide service for the linear service object. In most previous studies, the facility location model usually regards the demand side as a discrete point, but in the case of traffic line construction projects, demand is distributed along the traffic line, that is, the demand is linear in space. In this case, the location problem is less studied. In this paper, a new method, which is different from the classical facility location model, is used to describe the location problem in the linear engineering, and the overlay location model with the minimum number of facilities is established to satisfy the linear demand. In railway construction, supply facilities, logistics nodes, and railway lines under construction constitute a three-level supply chain. This paper also considers how to locate the logistics node and the supply facility at the same time when the location of the superior supply facility of the logistics node is to be determined. In this paper, we study the location method to minimize the number of logistics nodes and supply facilities under the premise of satisfying the linear demand, and construct a two-level location model of logistics nodes based on the set coverage problem. In this paper, two algorithms based on Voronoi diagram deletion and overlay circle are designed by using heuristic algorithm. The calculation steps of the two algorithms are designed, and the relevant data of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway project are calculated and compared. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are compared. At the same time, the influence of different values of coverage radius on site selection results is also studied, that is, the sensitivity analysis of coverage radius of logistics nodes. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the construction project of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway, studies the location characteristics of logistics node and its supply facilities in the construction process of high-speed railway, and according to the location of railway on the map, The plane railway curve is fitted with Mercator projection, and then according to the construction of railway tunnel, bridge and other factors, the suitable logistics node and the alternative location of the supply facilities are selected. In the two-level location model of linear demand based on set coverage problem, different algorithms are used to solve the problem, and the optimal location scheme of logistics node and its supply facilities in the construction process of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed railway is obtained. It provides a theoretical reference for the location of logistics node and supply facilities of Beijing-Shenyang high speed railway. The advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are compared and analyzed according to the results.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U294

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