预付账款融资下的供应链订货与融资决策研究
本文选题:物流金融 + 预付账款融资 ; 参考:《广东工业大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:物流金融是物流领域与金融领域的交叉领域,由于我国目前绝大多数的企业都是中小民营企业;而且中小企业经常由于规模小,融资困难从而导致资金链断裂,甚至破产的现象时有发生。中小企业融资困难的现状,使得各行各业都迫切地想寻找一种能实现多方共赢的融资模式,而此时物流金融顺时代需求而生,它不仅能够为各方都带来利益的增长,而且能够给企业带来业务的创新与拓展,从而使其成为物流领域与金融领域共同关注的新兴领域,预付账款融资则是国内银行物流金融业务中,发展较早而又具有典型特色的产品。本文在文献研究及调研的基础上,首先对物流金融及供应链金融的概念与其常见模式进行了简要论述。进而对预付账款融资业务的运作流程、功能特点及其风险点进行了详细的论述。紧接着建立以预付账款融资为背景的供应链决策模型,在市场需求不确定、零售商资金不足时,研究了零售商的融资决策与订货量决策,并对比分析了融资与不融资两种情形下,零售商发展各周期的收益变化,以及零售商、制造商及整个供应链的收益变化;然后,进一步在金融机构设置最低贷款额度限制的情形下,对零售商的融资决策与订货量决策进行研究,并在假定制造商为主导的供应链情形下研究了制造商的最优定价决策,对比分析在金融机构有设置最低贷款额度与没有设置最低贷款额度两种情形下,零售商发展各周期的收益变化,以及零售商、制造商及整个供应链的收益变化;再通过数值分析验证了企业资金严重缺乏时,融资对企业的效果显著;随着自有资金增加,融资带来的额外收益会逐渐下降;金融机构设置最低贷额度,会降低零售商在自有资金相对充足时的贷款意愿,并在零售商自有资金严重不足时,金融机构将拒绝对零售商提供金融支持;在零售商不断积累自有资金的情况下,融资可以使得供应链更快实现最优产量,融资额度限制会适当延迟最优产量实现,并且融资能够使得供应链的总产品尽快达到最佳产量,有效满足消费者需求。最后基于以上研究本文还建立了简单的预付账款融资决策支持系统,增加本文研究成果在实际应用中的可操作性,为供应链企业决策分析起到一定的参考与指导作用。
[Abstract]:Logistics finance is a cross field between logistics field and financial field. Because most of the enterprises in our country are small and medium-sized private enterprises at present, and small and medium-sized enterprises often have small scale, financing difficulties, which lead to the break of the capital chain. Even bankruptcy occurs from time to time. The current situation of financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises makes all walks of life urgently want to find a financing mode that can realize the win-win situation. At this time, logistics finance is born with the needs of the times, and it can not only bring benefits growth for all parties. Moreover, it can bring business innovation and expansion to enterprises, thus making it a new field of common concern in the field of logistics and finance. Developed earlier and with typical characteristics of the product. On the basis of literature research and research, this paper briefly discusses the concepts and common models of logistics finance and supply chain finance. Then, the operation process, function characteristics and risk point of prepaid account financing business are discussed in detail. Then a supply chain decision model with the background of prepaid account financing is established. When the market demand is uncertain and the retailer is short of funds, the financing decision and the order quantity decision of the retailer are studied. Then, the paper compares and analyses the profit changes of retailers, manufacturers and the whole supply chain under the two situations of financing and non-financing. Then, the paper analyzes the change of the retailer's income in each cycle, and the change of the retailer, the manufacturer and the whole supply chain. In the case of financial institutions setting the minimum loan limit, the financing decision and the order quantity decision of the retailer are studied, and the optimal pricing decision of the manufacturer is studied under the assumption that the manufacturer is dominant in the supply chain. In the case of financial institutions with minimum loan quota and without minimum loan quota, the profit changes of retailers, manufacturers and the whole supply chain are analyzed. Through numerical analysis, it is verified that when the enterprise capital is seriously lacking, the effect of financing on the enterprise is remarkable; with the increase of its own capital, the additional income from the financing will gradually decline; the financial institutions will set the minimum loan quota. It will reduce the willingness of retailers to lend when their own funds are relatively sufficient, and financial institutions will refuse to provide financial support to retailers when they are seriously underfunded; when retailers are accumulating their own funds, Financing can make the supply chain achieve the optimal output more quickly, and the limit of the financing quota will delay the realization of the optimal output, and the financing can make the total product of the supply chain reach the best output as soon as possible, and effectively meet the needs of consumers. Finally, based on the above research, this paper also establishes a simple decision support system for prepayment financing, which increases the operability of the research results in practical application, and plays a certain reference and guidance role for the decision analysis of supply chain enterprises.
【学位授予单位】:广东工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:F274
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