考虑供应商服务与零售商退货的供应链博弈分析

发布时间：2018-08-01 10:25

【摘要】：进入21世纪,大多数制造企业把产品的定义从简单的有形产品,拓展到基于产品的增值服务,即产品的服务化。供应商提供的产品服务在一定程度上影响了产品的需求以及利润,同时零售商在选择供应商进货时会参考产品服务水平以及进货价等因素,综合制定销售策略,当然零售商也会面对退货带来的利润损失,如何与供应商协调退货费用,实现利润达到最佳成为企业和学者研究的热点。本文对供应商服务水平以及零售商定价退货策略问题进行了分析,考虑一个供应商与一个零售商的二级服务供应链,研究其供应商与零售商的利益分配博弈问题。本文首先综述了服务供应链、逆向供应链定价模型、纳什均衡和斯坦克尔伯格均衡等理论;其次,研究供应商提供产品服务,零售商退货给供应商,并且零售商要制定相应的产品零售价格,在一个供应商和一个零售商的供应链前提下,考虑服务水平、产品定价和退货这三个因素,建立供应商服务与零售商定价与退货的利润数学模型,利用纳什均衡与斯坦克尔伯格均衡理论进行求解;最后,通过算例,对所建模型和算法的可行性与有效性以及推论的正确性和实效性进行了验证。研究表明,在供应商与零售商各自利润达到最优的前提下,获得的供应商为零售商分担退货物流成本最优比例、供应商最优服务水平和零售商最优定价,纳什均衡时的最优解是唯一的,此时供应商不会分担退货物流成本;在斯坦克尔伯格均衡中,模型中的供应商分担退货物流成本比例依据批发价大小而定。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, most manufacturing enterprises expand the definition of products from simple tangible products to product-based value-added services, that is, service-oriented products. The product service provided by the supplier to a certain extent affects the demand and profit of the product. At the same time, the retailer will make a comprehensive sales strategy by referring to the factors such as the level of product, service and purchase price when selecting the supplier. Of course, retailers will also face the loss of profits brought by return. How to coordinate the cost of return with suppliers and achieve the best profit has become a hot spot for enterprises and scholars. In this paper, the supplier service level and the retailer's pricing and return strategy are analyzed. Considering the two-level service supply chain between a supplier and a retailer, the benefit distribution game between the supplier and the retailer is studied. This paper first summarizes the service supply chain, reverse supply chain pricing model, Nash equilibrium and Steinkerberg equilibrium theory. In addition, retailers should set the corresponding retail prices of products, considering three factors, namely, service level, product pricing and return, under the premise of a supplier and a retailer's supply chain. The profit model of supplier service and retailer's pricing and return is established and solved by using Nash equilibrium and Steinkerberg equilibrium theory. The feasibility and validity of the proposed model and algorithm and the correctness and effectiveness of the corollary are verified. The results show that under the premise of the optimal profit of the supplier and the retailer, the supplier shares the optimal proportion of the return logistics cost for the retailer, the optimal service level of the supplier and the optimal pricing of the retailer. The optimal solution of Nash equilibrium is the only one, in which the supplier will not share the cost of return logistics; in the Stankelberg equilibrium, the proportion of suppliers sharing the cost of return logistics depends on the wholesale price.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274

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