中国和印度奶制品供应链的比较研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 12:11

【摘要】：牛奶是一种易于消化和吸收的、富含人体所必需的多种氨基酸和微量元素的理想食品，被誉为“白色血液”。目前，奶制品已经成为千家万户青睐的重要食品之一。随着生活水平和安全意识的提高，人们的观念从“有奶喝”逐渐转变为“喝好奶”，这对奶制品安全供应的要求有所提高。特别是三聚氰胺事件发生后，我国在奶制品供应链体系和安全生产评价体系等方面暴露出许多与其他奶业大国相比不足的地方。因此，尽快完善我国奶制品供应链体系成为亟待解决的现实问题。印度与中国同属以农业为主的亚洲发展中国家，在国情、资源环境和发展水平方面等有很多相似之处，且两国奶制品的原奶生产环节均以散户奶农的小规模生产为主导力量。印度作为世界第一产奶大国，已拥有比较完善的奶制品供应链体系，特别是印度的奶业合作社供应链模式也成为奶业发展的成功范例。本文以中国和印度奶制品供应链作为研究对象，运用文献研究法，并借助如供应链理论、产业理论和计量经济学理论等相关理论支持，，从两个国家奶制品供应链现状、供应链模式、主体利益联结机制和交易成本、质量和标准控制等四个方面进行深入对比分析，通过印度奶制品供应链对我国的启示，提出改善我国奶制品供应链的对策建议：抓住市场潜力，增加奶牛存栏量提高生产；鼓励奶农参与市场活动，增强供应链稳定性；形成一体化供应链结构，建立紧密型利益联结机制；引进新的技术力量，完善奶业服务体系；加大政府支持和投入，健全法制保障制度；加大质量监管力度，建立健全奶制品质量安全管理体系。
[Abstract]:Milk is a kind of ideal food which is easy to digest and absorb, and is rich in many kinds of amino acids and trace elements, which is called "white blood". At present, dairy products have become one of the important foods favored by thousands of families. With the improvement of living standard and safety consciousness, people's concept has gradually changed from "drinking with milk" to "drinking good milk", which raises the requirement of safe supply of dairy products. Especially after the melamine incident, the supply chain system and the safety evaluation system of dairy products in China have exposed a lot of deficiencies compared with other big countries in dairy industry. Therefore, as soon as possible to improve the supply chain system of dairy products has become a real problem to be solved. India and China both belong to the developing countries in Asia, which are mainly based on agriculture. There are many similarities in national conditions, resources, environment and development level between India and China, and the production of raw milk in both countries is dominated by the small-scale production of individual dairy farmers. As the largest milk producing country in the world, India has a relatively perfect supply chain system of dairy products, especially the supply chain model of dairy cooperative in India has also become a successful example of dairy industry development. This paper takes the Chinese and Indian dairy supply chain as the research object, uses the literature research method, and with the aid of the supply chain theory, industry theory and econometrics theory and so on related theory support, from the two countries dairy product supply chain present situation. Four aspects of supply chain mode, main body benefit connection mechanism and transaction cost, quality and standard control are compared and analyzed, and the enlightenment of Indian dairy supply chain to our country is given. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the supply chain of dairy products in China are put forward: seizing the market potential, increasing the stock of dairy cows and increasing the production, encouraging dairy farmers to participate in market activities, enhancing the stability of the supply chain, forming the integrated supply chain structure. It is necessary to establish a close interest linkage mechanism; to introduce new technical forces to perfect the dairy service system; to increase government support and investment; to improve the legal system; to strengthen quality supervision; to establish and improve the quality and safety management system of dairy products.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F416.82;F426.82

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