风险视角下的上海市水产品供应链优化模型及实证研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 09:50

【摘要】：经济在发展，企业之间的竞争也在随之发展。一改以往企业与企业、行业与行业之间的竞争状况，现如今已经发展成跨企业、跨行业甚至跨国的供应链竞争。在此背景下，关于水产品供应链的研究也就变得日益炙热化。上海市的水产品消费量巨大，水产品加工行业却远远落后于我国平均水平，所以针对上海市的水产品供应链研究是有意义的，以水产品加工企业作为供应链的核心企业来研究更具有现实意义。本文首先从国内外的角度分析了关于水产品供应链的优化方法及其风险管理研究，得出目前很少有研究将水产品供应链中的风险水平考虑到供应链整体优化目标中来的结论。然后分析了上海市水产品供应链现状，突出强调了上海市水产品消费需求巨大但加工企业远远落后于国家平均水平的现状。本文以此提出以上海市水产品加工企业为供应链核心，通过引进条件风险价值理论，分别度量供应网络和分销网络的风险水平，在此基础上，创新性地分别建立了以降低供应链风险损失为目标之一的优化模型。以上海市某水产品加工企业为例，，将调查的相关数据代入模型并求解，分别得出了该加工企业在供应网络风险环境下的供应商选择和采购量决策方案和分销网络风险环境下的最佳分销点选择和各需求点采购量决策方案。本文研究表明：将条件风险价值运用到供应链优化设计中来，是具有创新性和实用性的，可以为供应链核心企业提供更有效的决策方案；供应网络中，在核心企业对风险态度一定的条件下，通过两阶段模型可以得到同时考虑风险水平最低和期望成本最小的最优决策，同时，核心企业的风险偏好程度会影响条件风险价值水平从而影响最终的供应商选择和采购量决策；分销网络中，核心企业可以实现多目标，即收益水平最大、条件风险价值水平和客户满意度水平最高，同时，核心企业对这三者的重视程度不同会影响到综合目标值从而影响最终的分销点选择和各需求点采购量决策。本文研究不仅丰富了供应链及风险管理理论，将普遍运用于金融经济领域的风险度量工具CVaR运用到水产品供应链优化中来，拓展了CVaR应用范围的同时为风险视角下的水产品供应链优化方法提供了新方向，这为上海市水产品加工企业降低成本、减少风险带来的损失和提高客户满意度提供了依据和方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the competition between enterprises is also developing. In the past, the competition between enterprises and enterprises, industries and industries has developed into cross-enterprise, cross-industry and even transnational supply chain competition. In this context, the research on the supply chain of aquatic products has become increasingly hot. The consumption of aquatic products in Shanghai is huge, but the aquatic product processing industry lags far behind the average level of our country, so it is meaningful to study the supply chain of aquatic products in Shanghai. It is of practical significance to study aquatic product processing enterprises as the core enterprises of supply chain. This paper first analyzes the optimization methods and risk management of aquatic product supply chain from the point of view of domestic and foreign, and draws the conclusion that the risk level in aquatic product supply chain is taken into account in the overall optimization goal of supply chain. Then it analyzes the current situation of aquatic product supply chain in Shanghai, and highlights the situation that the consumption demand of aquatic products in Shanghai is huge, but the processing enterprises lag far behind the national average level. In this paper, the supply chain core of Shanghai aquatic products processing enterprises is put forward, and the risk level of supply network and distribution network is measured by introducing the theory of conditional risk value. The optimization models with the aim of reducing the risk loss of supply chain are established innovatively. Taking an aquatic product processing enterprise in Shanghai as an example, the relevant data of the investigation are substituted into the model and solved. The decision scheme of supplier selection and purchasing quantity in the supply network risk environment and the optimal distribution point selection and purchase quantity decision scheme in the distribution network risk environment are obtained respectively. This paper shows that the application of conditional risk value to supply chain optimization design is innovative and practical, which can provide more effective decision making scheme for supply chain core enterprises, supply network, supply network, Under the condition that the core enterprise has a certain attitude to risk, the optimal decision with the lowest risk level and the lowest expected cost can be obtained by the two-stage model, and at the same time, The degree of risk preference of the core enterprise will affect the conditional risk value level and the final supplier selection and purchasing quantity decision. In the distribution network, the core enterprise can achieve multi-objective, that is, the maximum profit level. The level of conditional risk value and customer satisfaction is the highest. At the same time, the different degree of attention to these three factors will affect the comprehensive target value and the final choice of distribution point and the decision of purchasing quantity of each demand point. This paper not only enriches the theory of supply chain and risk management, but also applies the risk measurement tool CVaR, which is widely used in the field of finance and economy, to the optimization of supply chain of aquatic products. It expands the application scope of CVaR and provides a new direction for the optimization of aquatic product supply chain from the risk perspective, which reduces the cost of aquatic product processing enterprises in Shanghai. Reducing risk and improving customer satisfaction provide the basis and method.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F326.4;F274;F224

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