工程导向型企业的采购和供应管理研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 06:58

【摘要】：随着市场竞争环境的日趋激烈，企业在采购和供应管理方面必将步入现代化的节奏。采购和供应作为当今企业经营中最重要的环节，必须从全局出发，运用各种新手段、新方法整合各种资源，，实现最佳的采购和供应管理体系再造。二十一世纪的企业要想在激烈的竞争中处于优势地位，必须要着眼自身所处的供应链环境，只有企业所处的供应链整个功能网链最优化，以最低的成本高效运作，并参与其中，企业的综合竞争力才能得到有效的提高和保障。供应链的源头是采购，即是从采购环节开始的，作为供应链上游的采购过程，其管理水平和控制方法显得尤为重要。有效的采购管理直接决定了企业的物资采购效率；采购管理的水平的高低将直接影响到企业的获利能力水平。本文研究的项目导向型企业采购和供应管理存在普遍存在的共性问题，如采购效率低下、采购周期过长、采购方式单一落后和供应商选择随意性大等问题。正文对项目导向型企业的经营管理现状和采购管理中存的问题进行分析，借鉴供应链环境下采购管理的新模式新思想指导工程型企业的采购行为，优化现有采购管理体系。如结合供应链管理思想优化适用于项目型企业采购管理流程；按照卡拉杰克（Kraljic）采购模型对原物料进行分类，制定重要物资的高效采购策略；采购物资延迟供应、使用过程中质量不合格等问题，借鉴JIT操作思路，尝试JIT采购策略；最后制定供应商评价标准和选择方法，通过评分法和层次分析法量化的决策方法，来解决供应商随意选择的问题。本文主要解决了研究对象所存在的以上四大问题，其研究模型和方法对供应链环境下的企业，在采购管理及供应商选择等方面有参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly fierce market competition environment, enterprises in procurement and supply management will step into the pace of modernization. Procurement and supply, as the most important link in the current enterprise management, must proceed from the overall situation, use all kinds of new means and new methods to integrate all kinds of resources, and realize the best procurement and supply management system reengineering. In the 21 century, if an enterprise wants to be in a dominant position in the fierce competition, it must focus on its own supply chain environment. Only the enterprise in which the entire supply chain function chain is optimized can operate efficiently at the lowest cost and participate in it. The comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises can be effectively improved and guaranteed. The source of supply chain is procurement, that is, it starts from purchasing link. As the purchasing process upstream of supply chain, its management level and control method are particularly important. Effective procurement management directly determines the efficiency of material procurement, and the level of procurement management will directly affect the profitability level of enterprises. There are some common problems in the procurement and supply management of project-oriented enterprises, such as low procurement efficiency, long procurement cycle, single and backward procurement methods and large random selection of suppliers, etc. The paper analyzes the present situation of project oriented enterprises' management and the problems existing in purchasing management, uses the new mode of purchasing management under the environment of supply chain to guide the purchasing behavior of engineering enterprises, and optimizes the existing purchasing management system. For example, combining the idea of supply chain management to optimize the purchasing management process of project-based enterprises; to classify the raw materials according to Karajak (Kraljic) purchasing model, and to formulate efficient purchasing strategies for important materials; to delay the supply of procurement materials; In the process of using JIT, the quality is not up to standard, using JIT for reference to try the JIT purchasing strategy, finally, the supplier evaluation standard and the selection method are worked out, and the quantitative decision method by scoring method and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is made. To solve the problem of supplier selection. This paper mainly solves the above four problems, and its research model and method have reference value in purchasing management and supplier selection for enterprises in supply chain environment.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F274

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