基于价格及服务竞争的新产品和再制造产品的均衡决策

发布时间：2018-11-06 19:48

【摘要】：众所周知,价格战曾是企业之间竞争的主要方式。近年来随着经济的迅速发展,人们的生活水平也有了很大的提升,这使得越来越多的顾客在购买产品时变得比较在意他们能否享受到优质的服务。当前市场上的产品同质化严重,产品之间的差异已经变得越来越小,因此企业要想在激烈的竞争中胜出就必须提供优于其他企业的服务。作为服务水平重要的一方面,质保时间在产品销售中发挥的作用越来越大。许多国家的法律也强制要求必须为所售产品提供一定的质保时间。较长的质保时间可以向顾客显示产品优质的质量,从而增强顾客信心。在该背景下,本文主要研究了在同时考虑价格和服务竞争时供应链成员的均衡决策问题。由于质保时间和服务水平在某些方面有所差别,文中构建了两个不同的供应链模型,并得出了均衡决策的一些性质。主要内容和贡献如下:1、研究了由一个制造商和两个互相竞争的零售商组成的供应链模型。制造商在销售新产品的同时也要负责销售再制造产品。每一个零售商只能从制造商处批发一种产品,并再将其以某一价格销售给顾客。首先制造商决定两种产品各自的服务水平,之后两个零售商分别决定所销售商品的零售价。我们建立了一个与两种产品零售价和服务水平相关的需求函数之后证明了均衡决策的存在性,并研究了相关参数对均衡决策的影响。2、考虑由制造商、再制造商和一个零售商组成的供应链模型。制造商仅仅销售新产品,而再制造商则要回收旧产品并对其进行一定程度的更新,之后将其再次投入市场。制造商和再制造商都将产品卖向同一个零售商,与此同时制造商和再制造商为各自的产品提供不同的质保时间。我们构建了一个关于两种产品零售价和质保时间的需求函数,并考虑了价差容忍度对需求的影响。之后我们证得均衡决策是存在的,进一步还推得了许多有用的性质,并通过数值模拟对这些性质进行了验证,最后给出了企业管理上的一些建议。
[Abstract]:As we all know, price war was once the main way of competition between enterprises. With the rapid development of economy in recent years, people's living standard has also been greatly improved, which makes more and more customers care more about whether they can enjoy quality services when buying products. At present, the product homogeneity in the market is serious, and the difference between products has become smaller and smaller. Therefore, if enterprises want to win in the fierce competition, they must provide better services than other enterprises. As an important aspect of service level, quality assurance time plays a more and more important role in product sales. The laws of many countries also require a certain warranty period for the products sold. Longer warranty time can show customers the quality of the product, thereby enhancing customer confidence. In this context, this paper mainly studies the equilibrium decision of supply chain members considering both price and service competition. Because quality assurance time and service level are different in some aspects, two different supply chain models are constructed, and some properties of equilibrium decision are obtained. The main contents and contributions are as follows: 1. A supply chain model consisting of one manufacturer and two competing retailers is studied. The manufacturer is responsible for selling remanufactured products as well as selling new products. Each retailer can only wholesale one product from the manufacturer and sell it to the customer at a certain price. First, the manufacturer determines the service level of the two products, and then the two retailers determine the retail price of the goods they sell. After we establish a demand function related to the retail price and service level of two products, we prove the existence of the equilibrium decision, and study the influence of the relevant parameters on the equilibrium decision. A supply chain model composed of a manufacturer and a retailer. Manufacturers simply sell new products, and manufacturers recycle old products and update them to a certain extent, before putting them on the market again. Both manufacturers and re-manufacturers sell their products to the same retailer, while manufacturers and re-manufacturers provide different warranty times for their products. We construct a demand function for the retail price and quality assurance time of two products, and consider the effect of price tolerance on demand. Then we prove the existence of equilibrium decision, and further, we obtain many useful properties, which are verified by numerical simulation. Finally, some suggestions on enterprise management are given.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F274

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