连锁超市物流系统优化研究

发布时间：2018-11-16 18:24

【摘要】：连锁经营是商业制度创新和流通以及产业结构调整和经营形式改变的产物，零售业的重要形态之一就是连锁经营模式。连锁超市已经成为“现代流通革命”的两大重要标志之一，顺应着世界零售业的发展态势。在我国，连锁超市的发展前景非常广阔、生命力极强。这与物流系统的协助与支持是分不开的，也是连锁超市顺利运行的前提和保证。但是，处于亏损的临界状态成了当下许多连锁企业经营的现状，连锁超市甚至产生了破产的困境。究其原因，无论是配送中心的建设还是运输路径的制定以及库存的管理理论和方法都会在不同程度上影响连锁超市的运作效率。随着连锁超市经营规模的不断增长，物流系统整体参与的重要作用不断突显出来，但物流系统的支持作用往往滞后于连锁超市自身的发展需求和速度。特别是在与国外先进的连锁超市的比较中，亟需改进的方面还有很多，物流系统支撑体系的滞后，已成为连锁超市发展的瓶颈。连锁超市的物流系统亟需优化：设施定位、运输路径和库存管理存在不足，以及对逆向物流的操作仍然存在尚待改进的余地。现实的情况是，一方面是连锁超市亟需发展的迫切要求，另一方面是阻碍其发展的难题阻碍。物流系统中的库存、路径和定位以及正、逆向物流系统的结合是连锁超市物流系统优化的重要内容。优化库存可以实现对流动资金的高效利用，运输线路的合理定位只有做的更加准确才能实现低成本的运输，而配送中心选址及其功能的高效发挥，必须在以科学的方法为指导下才能完成。然而，纵观以往的研究，对于连锁超市物流系统中存在的上述要素都是被单独或者至多是两两结合来加以研究的，同时忽略了正、逆向物流系统的整合，系统优化的效果十分有限。因此，为了使我国的连锁超市能够拓展竞争优势，也为能在更加广泛的范围和更加深层次的程度上，实现成本的降低、大规模高水平的管理效果，以取得突破，，进而提高适应能力，文章拟通过采取科学合理的优化规划措施—LRIP和SDN理论，建立相应的数学模型，同时结合启发式算法，并通过Matlab软件进行仿真以验证模型的优化效果，为力求改变连锁超市物流系统中存在的库存、路径和定位以及正、逆向物流相互分割的弊端提供决策支持，同时获得连锁超市因物流系统优化而带来的利润。
[Abstract]:Chain operation is the product of the innovation and circulation of commercial system, the adjustment of industrial structure and the change of management form. One of the important forms of retailing is the mode of chain operation. Supermarket chain has become one of the two important symbols of the modern circulation revolution, which conforms to the development trend of the world retailing industry. In our country, the development prospect of chain supermarket is very broad, vitality is extremely strong. This is inseparable from the assistance and support of the logistics system, and is also the premise and guarantee of the smooth operation of the supermarket chain. However, being in the critical state of loss has become the current situation of many chain enterprises, and the supermarket chain even has the dilemma of bankruptcy. The reason is that the construction of distribution center, the establishment of transportation route and the management theory and method of inventory will affect the operation efficiency of supermarket to some extent. With the continuous growth of chain supermarket scale, the important role of logistics system as a whole is becoming more and more important, but the supporting role of logistics system often lags behind the development demand and speed of chain supermarket itself. Especially in the comparison with the foreign advanced chain supermarkets, there are still many aspects that need to be improved. The lagging of the logistics system has become the bottleneck of the chain supermarket development. The logistics system of the chain supermarket needs to be optimized urgently: the location of facilities, the shortage of transportation path and inventory management, and the operation of reverse logistics still need to be improved. The reality is that, on the one hand, the chain supermarket urgently needs to develop, on the other hand, it is a difficult problem that hinders its development. Inventory, path, location and combination of direct and reverse logistics system are the important contents of logistics system optimization of chain supermarket. Optimization of inventory can achieve efficient use of liquidity, reasonable positioning of transportation lines can only achieve low-cost transportation, and distribution center location and its functions can be played efficiently. This must be done under the guidance of scientific methods. However, throughout the past studies, the above elements in the chain supermarket logistics system are studied separately or at most in pairs, while neglecting the integration of positive and reverse logistics systems. The effect of system optimization is very limited. Therefore, in order to expand the competitive advantage of the supermarket chain in our country, and to realize the reduction of the cost and the management effect of the large scale and high level in a wider range and deeper level, in order to make a breakthrough, In order to improve adaptability, this paper proposes to establish the corresponding mathematical model by adopting scientific and reasonable optimization measures-LRIP and SDN theory. At the same time, combined with heuristic algorithm, and through the simulation of Matlab software to verify the optimization effect of the model. In order to change the inventory, path and orientation of the chain supermarket logistics system, as well as the disadvantages of direct and reverse logistics division, the decision support is provided. At the same time, the profit of the chain supermarket caused by the logistics system optimization is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F721.7;F252

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